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 |  موضوع: كتاب Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications - A Concise Guide to Industrial Polymers الثلاثاء 16 مايو 2023, 7:22 am | |
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أحضرت لكم كتاب
Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications - A Concise Guide to Industrial Polymers
Johannes Karl Fink
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Table of Contents
1. Unsaturated Polyester Resins
2. Poly(urethane)s
3. Epoxy Resins
4. Phenol/Formaldehyde Resins
5. Urea/Formaldehyde Resins
6. Melamine Resins
7. Furan Resins
8. Silicones
9. Acrylic Resins
10. Cyanate Ester Resins
11. Bismaleimide Resins
12. Terpene Resins
13. Cyanoacrylates
14. Benzocyclobutene Resins
15. Reactive Extrusion
16. Compatibilization
17. Rheology Control
18. Grafting
19. Acrylic Dental Fillers
20. Toners
Table of Contents
Plastics Design Library (PDL)
PDL Series Editor’s Preface
Preface
Preface to Second Edition
How to Use this Book
Index
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Unsaturated Polyester Resins
1.1 History
1.2 Monomers
1.3 Special Additives
1.4 Curing
1.5 Properties
1.6 Applications and Uses
1.7 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 2. Poly(urethane)s
2.1 History
2.2 Monomers
2.3 Special Additives
2.4 Curing
2.5 Properties
2.6 Applications and Uses
2.7 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 3. Epoxy Resins
3.1 History
3.2 Monomers
3.3 Special Additives
3.4 Curing
3.5 Properties
3.6 Applications and Uses
3.7 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 4. Phenol/Formaldehyde Resins
4.1 History
4.2 Monomers
4.3 Special Additives
4.4 Curing
4.5 Properties
4.6 Applications and Uses
4.7 Special Formulations
4.8 Testing Methods
References
Chapter 5. Urea/Formaldehyde Resins
5.1 History
5.2 Synthesis of Resin
5.3 Special Additives
5.4 Curing
5.5 Measurement of Curing
5.6 Properties
5.7 Applications and Uses
5.8 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 6. Melamine Resins
6.1 History
6.2 Monomers
6.3 Special Additives
6.4 Properties
6.5 Applications and Uses
6.6 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 7. Furan Resins
7.1 History
7.2 Monomers
7.3 Special Additives
7.4 Curing
7.5 Properties
7.6 Applications and Uses
References
Chapter 8. Silicones
8.1 History
8.2 Monomers
8.3 Modified Types
8.4 Curing
8.5 Crosslinking
8.6 Properties
8.7 Applications and Uses
8.8 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 9. Acrylic Resins
9.1 History
9.2 Monomers
9.3 Special Additives
9.4 Curing
9.5 Properties
9.6 Applications and Uses
9.7 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 10. Cyanate Ester Resins
10.1 History
10.2 Monomers
10.3 Special Additives
10.4 Curing
10.5 Properties
10.6 Applications and Uses
10.7 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 11. Bismaleimide Resins
11.1 Monomers
11.2 Special Additives
11.3 Curing
11.4 Properties
11.5 Applications and Uses
11.6 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 12. Terpene Resins
12.1 History
12.2 Monomers
12.3 Curing
12.4 Properties
12.5 Applications and Uses
12.6 Special Formulations
References
Chapter 13. Cyanoacrylates
13.1 Monomers
13.2 Special Additives
13.3 Curing
13.4 Properties
13.5 Applications and Uses
References
Chapter 14. Benzocyclobutene Resins
14.1 Modified Polymers
14.2 Crosslinkers
14.3 Applications and Uses
References
Chapter 15. Reactive Extrusion
15.1 Extruder
15.2 Compositions of Industrial Polymers
15.3 Biodegradable Compositions
15.4 Chain Extenders
15.5 Related Applications
References
Chapter 16. Compatibilization
16.1 Equipment
16.2 Basic Terms
16.3 Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
16.4 Compatibilization by Additives
16.5 Reactive Compatibilization
16.6 Starch Polyester Blends
16.7 Functionalization of End Groups
References
Chapter 17. Rheology Control
17.1 Melt Flow Rate
17.2 Rheology Control Techniques
17.3 Peroxides for Rheology Control
17.4 Scavengers
17.5 Mechanism of Degradation
17.6 High Melt Flow Poly(propylene)
17.7 Irregular Flow Improvement
17.8 Heterophasic Copolymers
17.9 Poly(propylene)
References
Chapter 18. Grafting
18.1 The Techniques in Grafting
18.2 Polyolefins
18.3 Other Polymers
18.4 Terminal Functionalization
18.5 Grafting onto Surfaces
References
Chapter 19. Acrylic Dental Fillers
19.1 History
19.2 Methods of Development
19.3 Polymeric Composite Filling Materials
19.4 Monomers
19.5 Radical Polymerization
19.6 Inhibitors
19.7 Additives
19.8 Properties
19.9 Applications
References
Chapter 20. Toners
20.1 Toner Components
20.2 Toner Resins
20.3 Manufacture of Toner Resins
20.4 Characterization of Toners
References
Index
Index 757
GENERAL
Ablative properties
allyl boron compounds, 419
AC-calorimeters, 194
Acceleration
gelation, 168
polymerization, 42, 477
Accelerators, 38
crosslinking, 331
crown ethers, 478
cyanoacrylates, 477
dental polymers, 669
ester-type, 264
Acetals
cosolvents for UF, 286
cyclic, 91, 658
dichlorobenzaldehyde, 206
melamine/urea/formaldehyde
resins, 286
Acetylation
sisal, 553
starch, 639
Acid-base reactions, 697
Acidolysis reaction
poly(carbonate), 561
polyester, 555
Acoustic ceiling tiles, 303
Acrylic resins
films, 365
Adhesion
amino-functionalized
polysiloxane, 345
coupling agent, 391
coupling sites, 269
cyanate ester resin, 391
dental polymer, 682
graphite/bismaleimide composite,
435
hybrid resins, 160
interfacial, 523
interlaminar, 19
plasma activation, 648
self-assembling polymers, 343
sisal fibers, 553
tackifiers, 456
terpene phenol resin, 463
to glass fibers, 8, 23
to Kevlar fiber, 434
to nonpolar substrates, 483
to oily surfaces, 156
Aerobic degradation, 519
Aerodams, 517
Aerospace applications, 24, 197, 322
Aerospaceapplications, 373
Agave sisalana, 552
Agricultural applications, 245, 295,
308
Alder-ene reaction, 400, 642, 643
Alkenoylcarbamates, 352
Allophanate, 92
Amalgam replacement, 657
Amphiphilic polymers, 141
Anti-punk properties, 255
Antibodies, 433
Anticarcinogenic activity, 142
Antifoaming agents, 340
Antifouling compositions, 344
Antioxidants, 338
chewing gum, 466
grafted, 632
Antiplasticizers, 159
hyperbranched polymers, 144
Antistatic formulations, 167, 360
Aryl cyanates
hydrolysis, 375
Autocatalysis
isocyanate, 114
phenol, 179
Autocatalytic curing, 379, 382, 427
Autocatalytic polyol, 88
Automotive applications, 98, 160, 203,
241, 322, 517
Backbiting, 423, 520
Backcoats, 343
Bagasse, 24, 307758 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
Base-catalyzed
equilibration polymerization, 325
inorganic bases, 253
Batch cell method, 353
Batteries, 167, 363
lithium, 122
Benzene yellow, 695
Beverage containers, 525
Binders
abrasive, 266
friction, 266
glass fibers, 251, 266, 294, 316
petroleum recovery, 266
sand, 266, 316
Bioabsorbable polymers, 488
Biocomposites, 363
Biodegradability
poly(lactide), 521
starch, 522
Biodegradable
composites, 161
compositions, 517
epoxy-polyester resins, 205
grafted polymer, 518
Lysine-diisocyanate, 73
poly(lactide), 521
polyesters, 52
terpene resins, 459
Biofibers, 161
Biuret, 92, 96
Blow molding, 524
Blowing
chemical, 94
epoxy resins, 203
formic acid, 95
physical, 95
Blowmolding, 517
Bonding
adhesive, 648
adhesives, 475
chemical, 24, 154, 254
covalent, 648
hydrogen, 122, 488, 639
interfacial, 22, 161, 212
interphase, 152, 535
polyolefin substrates, 485
primers, 482
Bone cement, 49, 52, 688
Bookbindery, 462
Boron trifluoride complexes, 175, 179
Bottles, 46, 519
Bragg reflector mirrors, 504
Brake composites, 273
Bridges
dental, 672
ether, 286
methylene, 248, 251, 286, 312
methylene-ether, 310
phenoxy, 261
silicon groups, 402
Brittleness, 1, 155, 255, 397, 466, 501,
519, 700
Brunauer Emmett Teller equation, 543
Bubbles, 38, 273, 356, 462
Building materials, 47, 204, 340, 360,
365, 368
Bumpers, 517
Cables, 341, 631
Calcification, 120
Capacitors, 164, 363
Capillary flow microreactor, 304
Carbon
glass-like, 271, 313
Carbon black, 694
Carbonylation
propyne, 353
urethane, 70
Carboxybetaine
grafting, 119
Carboxylation, 272
Caries, 682
Cashew nut shell liquid, 25
Cassava, 544
Cast elastomers, 69
Casting, 47, 116, 182, 204
polymerization, 358Index 759
sand binders, 313
steel, 294
syrups, 349
Catalysis
acidolysis, 561
copolyesterification, 14
enzymatic degradation, 488
isomerization, 6
latent, 107
titanium dioxide, 428
urethane, 103
zwitterions, 103
Catalysts
addition-fragmentation, 190
delayed-action, 103, 179
latent, 107, 176, 184, 311, 386
organometallic, 106
Cavitation
shear banding, 152
ultrasonic curing, 312
Ceiling temperature, 482, 510, 511,
617, 620
Cement
bone, 52
dental, 669
furan resins, 313
Ceramics
aluminum nitride, 421
microcellular, 338
synthesis by pyrolysis, 336
Chain
branching, 608
entanglements, 26, 166
reversible termination, 567
Chain extenders, 110, 121, 156, 400,
514, 524
diols, 31
for polyesters, 52
glycols, 92
photosensitive, 92
waterborne, 93
Chain extension
BCB, 498
Diels-Alder reaction, 407
diglycidyl compound, 525
Michael addition, 407
polyaddition, 524
Chain scission, 534, 590
shear induced, 614
UV, 365
Chain stoppers, 330, 498
undecanol, 3
Chain transfer, 184, 343, 514, 587, 631
mercaptan, 82, 641
Charge carrier, 51
Charge control
toner, 51
Charring
agents, 112
aromatic polyesters, 89
Chelates, 38, 122, 123, 182
Chemoreceptors, 189
Chewing gums, 465
Chitin
N-deacetylation, 118
Chlorodioxins, 292
Chlorofluorocarbons
blowing, 95
Chlorosulfonation, 434
Chromatography
packing materials, 314
stationary phases, 189
Chrome yellow, 695
Chromophore
conjugated furans, 317
Disperse Orange 3, 209
maleimide, 427
phenylazo-benzothiazoles, 210
Clay, see also Oganoclays,162
Hectorite, 18
macroporous, 271
nanocomposites, 540
organo, 162
organophilic, 20
Rectorite, 109
Cloud point, 152, 157, 195, 454, 458760 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
Co-condensation
melamine and urea, 302
urea resins, 286
Co-continuous phase, 27, 167, 389,
390, 417, 543
Coagulation, 304
Coal-tar pitches, 315
Coalescence
dispersed droplets, 211
dispersed phase, 538, 540
prevention, 546
viscosity dependence, 211
Coatings, 1, 3, 48, 86, 120, 180, 203,
322, 365, 422, 463
waterborne, 203
Coconut shells, 270
Coefficient
diffusion, 687
extinction, 192
friction, 50, 199, 465
heat transfer, 509
thermal conductivity, 509
thermal expansion, 146, 375, 400
Cohesion, 352, 461, 701
Cohesion energy density, 621
Colloidal silica, 688, 695
Colorant, 51, 466
Colorants, 694
Coloration, 15
Coloring agents
toners, 694
Comb-like polymers, 82, 87, 484
Combustion, 30, 116, 292, 336, 666
Comonomer assisted grafting, 633
Compatibilizers
block copolymers, 157
epoxy resins, 212
grafted polymers, 615
UP resin, 49, 53
Composites, 397
hydrophobic, 665
rigid rod-like, 498
wood flour, 541
Condensation
base-catalyzed, 471
Calixarenes, 189
crosslinking, 334
hydrolytic, 322
intermolecular, 330
Knoevenagel, 472
resols, 247
Conducting glues, 167
Conducting paints, 167
Conductivity
electric, 207
ionic, 123
thermal, 19, 207, 377, 386, 421,
509
Consolidation
restoration materials, 205
sand, 317
Controlled-release
drugs, 304
fertilizers, 206
Coordination catalysts, 182
Copolymerization
cationic, 187
Corona discharge, 482, 646
Corrosion
problems, 96, 103, 379
resistance, 12, 51, 203, 313, 378
Cotackifiers, 456
Coupling agent, 328
for compatibilization, 548
for sisal fibers, 25
silane, 24, 161, 343, 658
Crack front, 158
Crack front bowing, 158
Crack propagation, 158
Crack trapping mechanism, 23
Crazing, 358
Critical solution temperature, 461
Crosslinkers, 472, 501
Crosslinking inhibitor
N,N-dimethylformamide, 623
Crown ethersIndex 761
accelerators, 478
polymerization retarder, 187
Crystallinity reduction, 89, 122, 213,
543, 564
Curing
fluorescence response, 196, 381
microwave, 198, 427, 498, 676
ultrasonic, 312
Cycloaddition, 317, 410, 495
anisotropic, 208
Cyclocondensation
phenols, 248
Cyclotrimerisation, 379, 382
Cyclotrimerization, 379, 388
Cytocompatibility
polyurethane, 120
Cytotoxicity, 687
HEMA monomer, 663
spiroorthocarbonates, 185
Deep-drawing, 559
Degradation
acid, 115
competitive crosslinking, 53
controlled rheology, 618
enzymatic, 366
glycolytic, 200
hydrolytic, 118, 431
mechanism, 601
microbial, 459
photo, 365
thermal, 21, 116, 387
Dehydrobromination, 645
Dehydrochloration, 148
Dehydrochlorination, 101, 204, 637,
645
Dehydrodecarboxylation, 410
Dendrimers, 80, 144, 484
Depolycondensation
polyurethane, 116
Depolymerizable systems, 488
Depolymerization, 45, 459, 526
Devices
electronic, 164, 167, 211
electrophotography, 693
medical, 341
optical, 209
photocopying, 341
Diacyl peroxides, 36, 593
Diatomaceous earth, 539
DiBenedetto equation, 424
Dicarboxylic acid
α,β-unsaturated, 19
Dielectric analysis
α-relaxation, 195
Dielectric loss factor, 195
Diels-Alder polymerization, 410, 428
Diels-Alder reaction, 15, 309, 400,
411, 434, 643
o-xylylene, 495
retro, 260, 313, 410, 433
Diisocyanates
blocked, 79
Dimer
α-methyl styrene, 641
Dimerization
isocyanates, 106
Dinnerware, 303
Dip-coating, 270
Discoloration, 87, 98, 669
Dispersive mixing, 518
Disproportionation termination, 605
Diterpenes, 448
Donor-acceptor complex, 144
Drug release, 366
Dual initiator system, 28
Dynamic fracture toughness, 22
Elasticity
improvement, 269, 300
melt, 517, 538
Electrochromic devices, 122
Electrochromic windows, 207
Electrodeposition, 203
Electroless plating, 215
Electrolytes
gel-type, 207
photosensitive, 317762 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
solid, 122, 207, 363
Electronparamagnetic resonance, 646
Electrophotography, 693, 694
Emission suppressants, 11, 18, 255
End groups
amino, 565
carboxyl, 214
functionalization, 569
Enzymatic synthesis, 84
Epoxidation reaction, 146, 147
Estrogenic activity
dental resins, 687
Exchanger
cation, 481
Exfoliation
nanoclays, 111
nanocomposites, 163
Expandable graphite, 33, 111
Explosive polymerization, 190
Fermentation, 517, 521
Ferroelectric film, 362
Fibers, 161, 332
Aramid, 310
binder, 257, 294, 321
biodegradable, 521
carbon, 24
coupling agent, 161
cure inhibiting, 24
fused-silica, 96
glass, 23, 678
graphite, 385
insulation, 267
jute, 25
Kevlar, 434
mineral wool, 317
natural, 24
poly(ethylene) dyeing, 646
polyester, 89
sisal, 552
strength improvement, 315
Fillers, 19, 259, 331, 677
dental, 84
flame retardant, 378
natural fibers, 24
plant-based, 21
Film blowing, 524
Flame retardants, 31, 111, 168, 291,
356
Flammability, 33, 303, 378, 501
Flash point, 336, 600
Flexibility enhancers, 154
Flip-chip manufacturing, 206
Flocculation
sewage treatment, 265
Flory-Huggins interaction parameter,
533
Flow improvers, 52
Fluorescence response, 196
Fluorocarbons
blowing, 95
Flyash, 21
Foams, 109, 266, 273
ceramic, 122
flexible, 86
floral applications, 266
microcellular, 338
PET, 524
rigid, 76, 86
Footwear, 560
Formaldehyde
dispersions, 257
exothermic hazards, 254
free, 275
hydroxylamine titration, 275
low emission types, 255
ratio to phenol, 250
reduction, 256
resol resins, 257
scavengers, 256
Foundries
furan binders, 316
Foundry sands, 294
Fragrant oil
encapsulation, 304
Friedel-Crafts
alkylation, 569Index 763
catalysts, 311, 452
reaction, 405
Fries rearrangement, 514
Furan
photosensitive polymer
electrolyte, 317
Functionalization
block copolymers, 542
macromonomer, 82
montmorillonite, 20
of nitrile rubber, 560
poly(lactide), 520
poly(propylene), 546, 617
star branched polymers, 163
terminating reagents, 567
Furniture coatings, 37, 47
Gardner scale, 458
Gel coat, 5, 10, 12, 18
Gel point, 41, 194, 388, 424
thermal mechanical analysis, 42
Gelling, 96
catalysts, 94
hybride resins, 30
inhibition, 338
preliminary, 16, 322
reduced contraction, 676
viz. blowing, 101
Gels
drug delivery system, 206
thermoreversible, 435
Glass transition temperature
IPN, 29
modelling, 153
structure properties relationships,
44
Gloss polyesters, 19
Glue resins, 283
Graphite, 694
Gratings, 504, 644
Grignard
reagents, 321
synthesis, 328
Halomethylation, 272
Hantz reaction, 284
Hanza yellow, 695
Hardeners, 176, 263
Hemp, 23
Hildebrand solubility parameter, 452,
455
Himalaya pine, 449
Hindered amine light stabilizers, 36
Hock process, 140
Holography, 209, 644
Hot-melt adhesive, 459, 462
reactive, 114
Hot-melt extrusion
adhesives, 460
Household applications, 203, 341, 360,
361, 368
Hydrocarbonylation
ethene, 353
Hydrogels, 205
Hydroperoxides, 590
Hydrosilylation, 328, 616, 643
aromatic compounds, 328
crosslinking, 335
inhibitors, 333
platinum complexes, 333
silicones, 199
Hydrosylilation, 391
Ignition point
peroxides, 591
Image
latent, 693
Indene resins, 462
Inhibitor
coloring, 17
silicones, 327
trimerization, 106
Inhibitors
anionic polymerization, 480
crosslinking, 623
grafting, 623
hydrosilylation, 333
radical polymerization, 16, 17,
328, 352, 677764 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
Iniferter Method, 567
Initiation
ultrasonic, 628
Initiator systems
dual, 676
Initiators
anionic, 428, 485
atom transfer radical
polymerization, 461
cationic, 183
controlled rheology, 589
dental polymers, 669
dual, 28
encapsulated, 384
functionalized, 624
iniferter method, 567
latent, 186
peroxide, 35
radical, 358, 387
redox, 658
UV-sensitive, 48
Insertion
carbene, 631
epoxide, 182
epoxy, 386
intercalation, 162
vinyl monomer, 568
Intercalation, 162, 540
melt processing, 109
Interfacial slip, 534
Interlayers
charged, 162
Intramolecular cyclization, 423
Intumescence, 113, 526
Ionomers
acrylic modified polyolefins, 554,
555
polyurethane, 110
Iron black, 694
Isocyanates
comb-like, 82
phosgene-free synthesis, 70
Isomerization
allyl ether, 10
oxazoline, 386
propylene oxide, 87
unsaturated polyester, 6
Jute, 23, 25, 259
Karstedt catalysts, 328, 333, 391
Keratinization, 487
Ketone Peroxides, 36
Kinetics
autocatalytic curing, 153, 257
crosslinking, 117
curing, 40, 114, 166, 669
cyclotrimerization, 389
grafting, 623
infrared spectroscopy, 423
intragallery curing, 163
isomerization, 6
monitoring, 193
peroxide decomposition, 599
photopolymerization, 675
polyesterification, 14
polymerization, 249
self-catalyzed reaction, 16
water content, 262
Knoevenagel reaction, 472
Laminates
continuous fibers, 161
hyperbranched polymers, 145
printed circuit boards, 385
Lenses, 208
Lignin, 523
Low-profile additives, 21, 26
Lubricants, 160
Macroradicals, 516, 612, 618, 621,
624, 633
poly(propylene), 547
Mandioca, 544
Manicure compositions, 486
Manihot, 544
Manioc, 544
Mannich
bases, 179
reaction, 264Index 765
Marble
artificial, 361
conservation, 365
Masterbatches
peroxides, 595
Mechanochemistry, 612
Melt condensation, 14, 16
Melt phase boundaries, 531
Membranes
carbon, 270
dialysis, 636
drug release, 366
molecular sieves, 270
polyurethane, 109
reactive, 206
thermally stable, 435
Mercury porosimetry, 543
Mesomorphic phases, 553
Metallocene catalyst, 642
terminal unsaturation, 569
Metallocene salts, 485
Methylene blue, 695
Methylolation, 286
Michler’s ketone, 189
Microcapsules, 296
controlled-release of drugs, 304
Microcracking, 44, 159
Microfibrils, 555
Microfiltration membranes, 270
Microgels, 151, 698, 699
Microvoids, 26, 44
Microwave curing, 197
Mixer
batch, 53, 566
Brabender, 550
cavity transfer, 612
extruder, 513, 531
Plasti-Corder, 555
static, 612
Modifiers
alkenyl, 374
conductivity, 161
epoxy adhesives, 203
epoxy resins, 112
impact strength, 606
interphase, 537
liquid rubber, 156
melt strength, 524
polyterpene resins, 462
tiazone, 289
toughness, 212, 290, 389, 417
unaturated polyester, 6
urea resins, 300
Modulus
compression, 21
elastic, 121, 199, 377
flexural, 20, 21, 378, 389, 590
shear, 434
storage, 388, 405, 643
tensile, 20, 45, 544, 553
Moisture barriers, 460
Molecular sieve, 270, 522
Monomer reactivity ratios, 28, 40, 635
Monoterpenes, 448
Multi-initiator systems, 676
Multiring monomers, 405
Multivariate analysis, 196, 432
Müller-Rochow process, 327
Nail chapping, 486
Nanocomposites, 22, 532, 540
clay, 540
intercalation, 20
layered silicate, 111, 162
montmorillonite, 111
rectorite, 109
silica, 110
silicate, 377
Nanofibers, 678, 680
Nanofillers
silsesquioxane, 421
Nanoparticles
layered silicate, 164
metal oxide, 678
titanium dioxide, 22
Nanotubes, 161
Natural rubber, 366, 449766 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
epoxidized, 22
Nematic
acrylics, 663
film, 208
network, 146
Neoprene rubber, 461
Network
breaking, 201, 313
hybrid, 31, 167
interlock, 29
interpenetrating, 28, 29, 117, 164,
210, 388, 429
liquid crystalline, 146
nonazeotropic composition, 40
porous, 435
reduction of crosslink density, 374
reinforcement, 247
reversible, 201
silicone, 331
unsaturated polyester, 1
Nigrosine, 694
Nitroxides
cyclic, 568
Nitroxyl radicals, 602
Nonlinear optics, 209, 435
Novolak, 142
bismaleimide-modified, 421
cyanate ester, 377
diallyl bisphenol A, 400
epoxy resin, 168, 387
resin, 241, 247
thermoplastic, 640
toughener for, 466
Nucleation, 304, 390, 551
Number
acid, 16
Avogadro, 621
hydroxyl, 89
Sherwood, 510
Optical applications, 141, 176
benzocyclobutene, 504
Optical resins, 207
Organisms
aquatic, 344
Organoclays, 18, 20, 162
Oxamides, 103
Ozone
depletion potential, 95
resistance, 340, 461, 560
treatment, 503
Paintability, 571
Paper release agents, 341
Paraffin wax, 19, 455
Particle collisions, 538
Peresters, 36, 595
Peroxides
flash points, 600
half-lifes, 600
Phase transfer catalyst, 148, 514
Phosgenation, 73, 74
Phosgene
reaction of bisphenol, 514
Phosphorylation, 272
Photo curing, 197, 485
Photoalignment method, 208
Photochemical
bromination, 645
chlorination, 645
generation of dienes, 411
reaction, 209, 317
Photodimerization
chalcone, 208
Photoinitiators, 36, 52, 186, 384, 673
cationic, 188
radical, 193
visible light, 190
Photopolymerization, 30, 675
cationic, 186, 189
postpolymerization, 187
radical, 206
Photoresist
gratings, 504
negative, 92, 384
positive, 268
Photostability, 209
Photostabilizers, 681Index 767
Phytotoxicity, 317
Pine resin, 450
Plasma treatment, 644
Plasticizers
cyanoacrylate esters, 475
Plasticizersepoxy resins, 167
Polyamide 6
γ-crystals, 551
Polyesterimides, 418
Polymerization
anionic, 485
coordinative, 182
emulsion, 154, 555
Enthalpy, 511
Entropy, 511
furfuryl alcohol, 316
living, 82
metathesis, 512
multibranching, 144
suspension, 340, 696
Polymers
heat-resistant, 110, 325, 342, 414,
428
hyperbranched, 144, 212, 412,
484
self-healing, 296
telechelic, 568
Polyphosphazenes, 208
Polyurea resins, 92
Polyurethane
waterborne, 122
Postcure treatment, 197, 414, 425, 675
Postpolymerization
photo curing, 187
Pot life, 17, 40, 42, 179, 182, 384
Pour point depressants, 49, 52
Powder coatings, 48
Prepregs, 386, 397
Pressure-sensitive adhesive
hot-melt, 642
Primers, 482, 483, 688
Printed circuit boards, 162, 204, 332,
342, 385
Printing inks, 186, 454
Printing medium
ink-jet, 368
toner, 693
Promoters
adhesion, 615, 663, 682
amine, 29
dental polymers, 668
redox, 37
silicone synthesis, 327
visbreaking, 274
Pulse-cure method, 676
Pyrones
cycloadduct, 410
Quinoline yellow, 695
Radical
β-scission, 593, 608
branching, 516
chlorination, 645
copolymerization, 40
coupling, 534
diffusion control, 29
grafting, 521, 541, 611, 614
grafting kinetics, 623
induced decomposition, 627
inhibitor, 670
initiator, 34
photoinitiator, 186
polymerization kinetics, 42
scavenger, 643
stable, 601, 614
telomerization, 82
Radical polymerization
atom transfer, 567–569
bismaleimides, 412
chain transfer, 343
cyanoacrylate, 485
living, 567
ring opening, 665
Reactive solvents, 210, 246
Reactors
bent loop, 509
Recombination termination, 618768 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
Reductive amination, 92, 104
Reinforcing materials
epoxides, 161
unsaturated polyesters, 23
Relaxation
dipol, 195
viscoelastic, 389
Renewable resources
vegetable cellulose, 307
Residence time, 507, 508, 513, 571,
590, 608, 613, 698
Resistance
hydrolytic, 3, 90
impact, 22, 31, 554, 571
thermal, 20, 50
Reworkable resins, 201
Rigidity control, 8, 44, 89
Ring and ball method, 458
Rubber tackifier, 6
Rutherford back-scattering technique,
646
Salicylates
ultraviolet absorbers, 356
Sanitary products, 47, 341, 361, 462,
558
Sawdust, 21, 24
Scaffold, 119
Scavengers
acid, 90
formaldehyde, 251, 256
Schiff bases, 147
Schotten-Baumann reaction, 663
Schulz-Flory distribution, 88
Scission
homolytic, 601
Sealants, 341, 460
Self-extinguishing
unsaturated polyesters, 32
Sequence length
reactivity, 14
Sesquiterpenes, 448
Sewage treatment
phenol/formaldehyde resins, 265
Shrinkage, 35, 42, 107, 198, 662
cationic polymerization, 666
control, 27
cyclic monomers, 665
low profile additive, 28
measurements, 28
strain, 676
Silacrown compounds
preparation, 478
promoter, 478
Silaferrocenophanes, 325
Silly putty, 321
Silsequioxane resins, 322
Sisal, 23
Sizing agents, 463
Softening point, 458, 462
Soil amendment, 295
Solubility parameters
peroxides, 621
solvents and polymers, 457
Solvents
aprotic, 412
Solvolysis, 37, 114, 200
Spin-coating, 210
Spoilers, 517
Stabilizers
acid, 472
efficiency, 622
foam, 340
polyvinyl chloride, 204
storage time, 79, 480
UV, 573
Starch
acetylated, 639
amylose, 639
blend, 522, 523
cassava, 545
corn, 248, 639
esterification, 639
grafted, 517, 637, 639
modified, 523
rice, 629
sago, 544Index 769
tapioca, 545
thermoplastic, 559
Steam
activation, 272
distillation, 450
hydrolysis, 526
treatment, 259
Stereolithography, 367
Steric hindrance, 14, 101, 166, 424,
425, 427, 639
Storage time
inhibitors, 17
phenolic resin, 268
unsaturated polyester resin, 18
Strength
bond, 475
cohesive, 472
compressive, 13, 19, 267, 498,
663
flexural, 20, 21, 24, 25, 322, 332,
384, 388, 389
peel, 156, 199, 385, 456
tensile, 22, 29, 111, 117, 121,
159, 291, 389, 431, 435, 484,
544, 563, 630
Sulfonation, 272
Supercritical carbon dioxide, 618
Superglues, 471
Surface metallization, 215
Swelling
chromatography support, 315
drug delivery system, 206
jute, 259
Syrups
casting, 349
Tackifier, 366, 456
Tackifying resin
waterborne, 460
Tapes
adhesive, 203, 342, 462
Tapioca, 544
Tempera paintings, 366
Tetraterpenes, 448
Thermal cracking, 274
Thermal transfer ribbons, 342
Thermochromic dyes, 686
Thermolabile linkages, 201
Thermolysis, 184
peroxyketals, 626
recycling, 200
Thermotropic polymers, 498, 553
Thickeners, 480
Thixotropic
additives, 18
resins, 13
Tint agents
dental polymers, 659, 682
Tissue adhesives, 487, 488
Toners
bisphenol A fumarate, 51
low fix temperature, 698
styrene-acrylic resin, 698
textile printing, 700
Top coat, 5
Tougheners, 212, 417
dendrimers, 144
rubbers, 156
Toxicity
isocyanates, 79
maleic anhydride, 622
silacrown ethers, 478
tissue adhesives, 487
Transesterification, 5, 89, 200, 264,
472, 478, 515, 525, 554
zinc acetate, 45
Trimerization, 381
Triterpenes, 448
Trommsdorff effect, 29, 42
Ultrasonic
assisted extrusion, 532
curing, 312
initiation, 628
reactor, 115
Ultraviolet absorbers, 36, 356
Ultraviolet stabilizers, 36
Unsaturated polyesters770 Reactive Polymers Fundamentals and Applications
π-interactions, 30
waterborne, 10
Urdiol, 84
Urethane dimethacrylates, 84
Uretonimine, 77
Vector fluids, 549
Vinyl offset, 698
Vinyl staining, 98, 105
Visbreaking, 274
Viscosity
branched polymers, 525
chain stopper, 668
controlled rheology, 590
grafting, 618
hot-melt adhesives, 462
interfacial slip, 534
intrinsic, 524, 573
liquid crystalline polymer, 554,
663
reactive diluents, 400
thickeners, 480
vis-breaking processes, 606
Visible light sensitizer, 190
Vitrification, 166, 195, 367
Wagner-Jauregg reaction, 425
Wastewater treatment plants, 519
Water sorption, 431, 678, 686
Wetting agent, 317
Whiskers, 161
Xanthens, 259
Yucca, 544
Zwitterionic salts, 103
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