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أخواني في الله أحضرت لكم كتاب Electrical Drive Simulation with MATLAB Simulink - Selected Technologies Viktor Perelmuter
![كتاب Electrical Drive Simulation with MATLAB Simulink - Selected Technologies M_e_d_16](https://i.servimg.com/u/f61/15/36/74/14/m_e_d_16.jpg) و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents Preface viii Author .xi Chapter 1 Simulation of the Electrical Drives of Rolling Mills .1 1.1 Electric Drives of Reversing Hot Rolling Mills 1 1.1.1 Blooming Electric Drives .1 1.1.2 Plate Rolling Mill Electric Drives 17 1.2 Electrical Drives of the Continuous Hot Strip Mills .28 1.2.1 Roughing Mill Group Drives .28 1.2.2 Finishing Mill Group Drives 37 1.2.3 Electric Drive of Flying Shears 59 1.3 Electrical Drives of the Cold Rolling Mills 69 1.3.1 Electrical Drives of the Reels .69 1.3.2 Simulation of Reversing Cold Rolling Mills 77 1.3.3 Simulation of the Continuous Cold Rolling Mill .88 References 104 Chapter 2 Simulation of the Paper‑Making Machines 107 2.1 General Issues 107 2.2 Modeling Sectional Electric Drives 116 2.2.1 Forming Section . 116 2.2.2 Press Section 124 2.2.3 Dryer Section 135 2.2.4 Calender . 141 2.2.5 Reel . 145 2.3 Modeling Finishing Machines . 153 2.3.1 Supercalender . 153 2.3.2 Slitter 164 References 177 Chapter 3 Simulation of the Material Handling Equipment . 179 3.1 Pick‑and‑Place Machines 179 3.1.1 Traveling Cranes . 179 3.1.2 Cable Cranes 192 3.2 Mine Hoist .203 3.3 Belt Conveyors .223 References 247 List of the Appended Models and Programs .249 Index 255viii Index Note: Bold page numbers refer to tables and italic page numbers refer to figures. AC3 model 200 AC4 model 118, 120, 126, 182, 230, 236, 239, 240 acceleration feedback 109, 110 active rectifier 13, 14, 16, 25–27, 34, 35, 37, 56, 57, 62, 74, 82, 86, 103, 160, 162, 176, 182, 184, 200, 219 AC voltage source 124 angle α 60, 63, 64, 116, 117, 206 angle β 62 angle δ 71 angle θ 186, 188, 226 antiresonant frequency 108 backlash 25, 108, 137–139 blocks bistable 62, 67 manual switch 92, 96, 98, 162 mean 109 PWM 12, 13, 24, 25, 120 rate limiter 5, 10, 24, 73, 114, 122, 123, 126, 150, 152, 207, 217, 230, 233, 236, 241 sample and hold 32 saturation 131 star generator 73 step 73, 89 switch 23, 44, 45, 92, 97, 98, 131, 217 table 16, 137 uniform random number 110 from workspace 104 blooming Blm1.m program 3, 19 Blum1 model 4, 5 Blum2 model 7, 10, 10 Blum2a model 11, 11 Blum 2b model 12 Blum 3 model 14, 14 Blum 3a model 14, 15 Blum4 model 17 canting 5 DC motor, with 4, 7, 12, 14, 155 draughting schedule 3 joint operation with pressure screw 16 Plate_Movement subsystem 5 rolling force, calculation 2, 20, 29, 30, 77 Rolling_Parameters subsystem 5, 23 rolling stand design 8 Rolling subsystem 3, 44 rolling torque 1, 2 rotational speed 4, 13–17 synchronous motor, with 12, 13 brake (mechanical) 182, 194, 197, 202, 212, 214, 223 cable‑crane Crane3 model 199, 200 Crane31 model 200 Crane32 model 202 Crane33a model 202 Crane4 model 198, 233 indirect vector control, utilization 120, 200 lifting mechanism 194 parameters 192, 194 rope elasticity 198, 200, 210–213, 221 tractive force 196 winch. 194, 195, 197, 199–203 chopper 131, 132 circumferential speed 30, 42, 112, 122, 133–135, 143, 145, 158, 161, 171, 182, 202, 233, 236, 240 coiler see reel cold rolling mill arrangement 88 backup roll eccentricity 92 coil diameter (radius) estimation 71–73 design 77 equivalent mill drive simulation 103, 104 gear 88, 90 motor 88, 90–92, 96, 97, 100, 101, 103, 104 parameters 69, 70 parameters 77, 80 process gains 91, 97 reel operation conditions 80 Rev_Cold1 model 81, 89 Rev_Cold1a model 81, 83 Rev_Cold2 model 82, 85 Rev_Cold21 model 83, 85 Rev_Cold22 model 85 Rev_Cold2a model 82, 86 Rev_Cold2a1 model 86 roll flattening 78, 79 rolling force, calculation 78, 79 rolling schedule 80 rolling schedule 88–91, 103 rolling torque, calculation, program 79 speed effect 92, 93, 98, 100 strain hardening 69, 70, 77, 81, 97256 Index cold rolling mill (cont.) strip break 75, 76 strip tension 69, 72–78, 80–83, 85, 86, 88–103 Tand1 model 89, 90, 102 Tand2ab model 90, 91, 96, 98, 103 cold rolling mill (Cont) Tand2ab1 model 92, 98 Tand2ab2 model 97 Tand2ab4 model 98 Tand2ab5 model 100 Tand3 model 101 Tand4 model 103 Tand41 model 103 Tand4b model 103, 104 tension control 93, 96–98, 100, 102 thickness control 81, 82, 83 thickness control 89, 92, 97–101 torque reference 71, 75 uncoil, operation 75–76, 77, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 91 control principle 12, 70 control system calender electric drive 142 couch roll 122 direct tension 53, 73, 74, 82, 113, 162, 164, 166 direct vector 120, 157, 160, 216 drive with the synchronous motor 12, 13 first‑order element, as 100, 101 front active rectifier 13 indirect tension 40, 73, 82, 162–164, 166 indirect vector 120, 200 interstand tension 32, 56, 95 looper torque 42 mill 91, 93 rectifier 13, 86 speed ratio of the motors, for 14, 145 stand drive 32 stand motor rotation speed 54, 101 thickness 24, 105 torque 42, 187 turning roll 122 unwinder 155 validity, to illustrate 174 vector 25, 70, 71, 120, 121, 157, 160, 199, 200, 216 converter three‑level 12. 13, 24, 27, 36, 37, 56, 61, 62, 86, 103, 216 two‑level 12, 157 conveyor belt tension, calculation 228, 229 booster, with 225, 228, 238–247 Conv1 model 230, 236 Conv1b model 233 Conv1c model 233, 238 Conv2 model 236, 240 Conv2a model 238 Conv2b model 238 Conv3 model 239, 241 deflecting pulley 225, 226 energy saving 225, 230 finite element method 231 layout 225 load torque distribution 238, 240 two‑drive pulley 225, 226, 236–239 wrap factor 226, 241–243, 245, 247 current reference 27, 150 Curr_Reg subsystem 121 damping coefficient (factor) 73, 109, 137, 142, 198, 200, 210, 231 DC buses 27, 28 DC link 12, 16, 24–26, 34, 36, 62, 74, 81, 82, 86, 87, 89, 118, 129, 157, 192, 219 DC voltage 25–27, 56, 86, 129, 131, 132, 148, 162, 176, 202 direct current (DC) motor 4, 7, 12, 14, 155 flux weakening 6, 11 direct tension control 73, 74, 82, 113, 162–164, 166, 167 direct torque control (DTC) 15, 16, 61, 62, 67, 118, 120, 121, 137, 142, 157, 182, 230, 239, 240 double‑drum reel 164, 169, 173 Drive_12000_6Ph model 36 Drive subsystem 90, 120, 150 DTC_pos model 15, 16 DTC_shear1 model 61. 62, 67, 157, 182 DTC_shear2 model 67 eccentricity 44–46, 92 elastic torque 138 estimation coil diameter (radius) 71 flux linkage 129 friction torque 161 position 129, 130, 200 speed of rotation 129, 130 stand stiffness 101 strip thickness 56, 81 excitation current 8, 8 flux 8 voltage 13, 71, 85 winding resistance 8 field orientation control principle 12 first‑order element 4, 90, 100, 108, 163, 167, 207, 217, 233, 236, 241 5‑mass hoisting system 220–223 five stand mill 88, 90, 94 fluctuations 25, 26, 52, 81, 92, 114, 161, 192, 198, 199, 211, 222, 223 flux 8, 8, 11, 16, 30, 79, 81, 121, 159, 167, 169Index 257 Flux_Est subsystem 129, 132 flux linkage 12, 14, 36, 56, 71, 120, 128, 129, 132, 160, 182, 199 flying shear angle α 60, 61, 62–64 angle β 61–63 cutting torque 60 front‑end cutting 59, 63–65, 67 given length section cutting 63 relative notch 60, 63 Shear_Control subsystem 62, 67 forward slip 30–32, 41, 48, 72, 73, 81, 91 four‑high mill stand 8, 37 friction coefficient 2, 29, 88, 93, 116, 147, 170, 206, 228 gear (gearbox) 8, 30, 37, 39, 70, 88, 107, 108, 119, 122, 128, 135, 136, 142, 167, 180, 181, 194, 197, 206, 216, 219, 225, 229, 230 ratio 15, 21, 61, 64, 80, 90, 113, 118, 126, 136, 158, 159, 161, 180, 181, 194, 197, 216, 229, 236 grid (network) current 14, 26, 35, 36, 38, 58, 65, 86, 89, 104, 157, 176, 203, 219, 223, 224 grid (network) power 90, 204, 219, 220 hot strip mill direct tension measurement 52, 53 Finish_Mill_Drive_10MW_300 model 58, 58, 81 Finish_Mill_Drive_12MW_150 model 58 Finish_Mill_Drive_12MW_250 model 58 Finish_Mill_Drive_12MW_60 model 57, 57 Finish_Mill_Drive_8MW_400 model 58, 58 interstand tension, control 30, 32, 34 interstand tension, equation 31 looper 39, 40, 40, 41–45, 47–49, 50, 52–54, 55 Mill_finish2_3 model 54, 59 Mill_finish4_5 model 59, 59 Mill_finish6_7 model 59, 60 Mill_rough1 model 32 Mill_rough2 model 34, 35 Mill_rough2a model 34, 37 Mill_rough3 model 34, 36 Mill_rough3a model 35 Mill1_7 model 47, 56 Mill1_7b model 52, 54 Mill1_7c model 52, 54 Mill1_7d model 54 Nips subsystem 48 roll eccentricity 44, 48 rolling force, calculation 29, 30 rolling schedule 32 mm–2 mm 39 rolling schedule 40 mm–4 mm 39 rolling schedule 29 Sims1 program 29, 30 six‑phase synchronous motor, with 36, 37, 38 stand motors 40 Stand subsystem 90, 92 Tension_Control subsystem 32 thickness control 43–45, 51, 54 Torque_Stand1 subsystem 32 Torque_Stand2 subsystem 32 Torque_Stand3 subsystem 34 hydraulic drive 39 ID_PARM1 118 IM_Drive subsystem 120 IM_drive, 400 V, 50 Hz subsystem 160 indirect vector control 120, 200 inductance 8, 25, 118, 128, 176, 200 induction motor (IM) 15, 142, 118, 120, 126, 136, 137, 142, 155, 156, 159, 160, 161, 167, 180–182, 194, 197, 199, 200, 216, 220, 225, 229, 230, 236, 239 inverter control system 12, 16, 24, 86, 103, 182, 236 DC source 25, 28, 56, 74, 81, 118, 129, 148, 162, 165, 182, 184 three‑level 12, 24, 36, 56, 58, 61, 62, 216 voltage source (VSI) 12, 200, 225 lag element 128, 129, 187, 217, 230, 236, 238, 241 Laplace operator symbol 73, 200 library model 152, 182, 200, 236, 239 load distribution 121–124, 172, 172, 173, 174, 183, 227, 237, 240, 240 Load subsystem 32, 34, 42, 148 logical switching unit 9 looper (loop holder) 39–55 lever 40, 41 Looper2 model 41 Looper2a model 43, 43 Looper2b model 45, 47, 48 Looper2c model 47, 48 motion equation 41, 42, 43, 45, 49, 50, 55 shaft 40, 41 torque 41, 42 Mean block 109 mechanical brake 182 mechanical link 85 mechanical system 92, 108, 135, 203 mine hoist 5‑mass hoisting system 220–223 jerk limitation 207, 208 jerk limitation 216, 217 Mine1a model 207, 208, 209 Mine2a model 211, 211, 212 Mine2b model 211, 214 Mine2b1 model 211, 212 Mine2b2 model 212 Mine3a model 216, 220 Mine3b model 220258 Index mine hoist (Cont) Mine4a model 222 Mine4b model 223 parameters 205 parameters 214 rope elasticity 209 rope elasticity 220 rope slipping 206 rope tension 222 rope tensions 211, 214 safety brake 211 safety brake 223 three‑mass model (system) 209–210 Model Properties/Callbacks/InitFcn 81, 89, 91, 109, 120, 233 modulus of elasticity (Young’s modulus) 31, 95, 113–115, 117, 145, 151, 209, 210 Nips subsystem 48 notch depth 60, 63 notch filter 110–112, 119–121, 137, 138, 143, 144, 148, 157, 187, 190 overload 4, 9, 11, 19, 80, 160, 167, 181, 195, 196 paper making machine AC4 model 118, 119, 124 acceleration feedback 109, 110 arrangement 116 arrangement 155 breast roll 116, 116, 118, 122 calender design 141, 142 coiler see reel condensate 136, 140 couch roll 116, 116, 117, 118, 121, 121, 122, 123, 124 double‑drum reel 164, 169, 173, 173 drive model 108, 108, 114, 124 dryer can (cylinder) 135–137 dryer section 135–140 forming section 116–124 layout 146 layout 167 load distribution in the double‑drum reel 173, 174 load distribution 121, 123 load distribution 131 motor power 156 motor torque 168, 169, 172, 172 motor torque, calculation 147, 148 non‑driven roll 133, 134 normal load (NRL) 107, 125, 126, 135, 137, 147 notch filter 110, 111, 111, 112, 119–121, 137, 138, 143, 144, 148, 157 paper break 150, 151, 152 paper thickness 149, 160, 161, 163, 167, 169, 173, 176, 177 Paper1 model 109, 109, 110 Paper1b model 110 Paper1b1 model 111, 113 Paper1c model 111, 113, 121 Paper1d model 113, 140 Paper2 model 118, 121, 124, 142 Paper2a model 120, 157, 216 Paper2b model 121, 124 Paper2c model 121 Paper2d model 121, 122, 131 Paper2d1 model 123, 123, 124, 124 Paper2e model 123, 125, 236 Paper3 model 125, 127, 134 Paper3a model 127, 129, 132, 133 Paper3a2 model 123, 127, 132, 133, 134 Paper3b model 128, 130 Paper3c model 132–134, 134 Paper3c2 model 134 Paper4 model 137, 138, 140 Paper4_1 model 137 Paper4a model 140, 141, 143 Paper5 model 142 Paper5a model 143, 144, 146, 149 Paper6 model 151 Paper6a model 148, 149 Paper6b model 149–151 Paper6b1 model 151, 152 Paper7 model 157 Paper7a model 160, 167 Paper7b model 161 Paper7c1 model 162, 163 Paper7c3 model 163 Paper8a model 167, 174, 182 Paper8a1 model 169 Paper8b model 172, 174 Paper8c1 model 174 Paper8c2 model 176 parameters 146, 147 parameters 156 PMSM, with 128, 130 press section 124–134 Recommended Drive Capacity (RDC) 107, 117, 126, 135 reel, peripheral 145–152 Shipping_roll subsystem 172 slitter 164–177 speed measurement 109, 114 supercalender 153–164 tension control 149–151 tension control 161, 162 three‑roll press 125 two‑roll press 125 ultimate tensile strength 111 unwinder 153, 155, 155, 156, 157, 159, 159, 160, 160, 161, 163 vector control, with 120, 120, 121 wire turning roll 116, 116, 117, 119, 123 wrap angle 116, 117 P_calc model 44Index 259 P_calc1 model 45 phase current(s) 200 phase shift 25 PI Controller 24, 54, 73, 97, 172, 199 plate rolling mill 17–27 characteristics 18 elastic torque 25 hydraulic drive, with 24 Plt1.m program 20 Plate1 model 20, 32, 44 Plate2 model 20, 21 Plate1a model 44 Plate3 model 24, 34, 207 Plate3a model 25 Plate32 model 25, 27 Plate 33 model 26, 28 Plate34 model 27 power circuits 24, 26, 27 rolling force 17, 20, 21, 23 rolling program 22 synchronous motor, with 19, 24 thickness control 23, 24, 24 PMSG see synchronous generators with permanent magnets (PMSG) position controller 16, 62 position sensor 16, 149 pressure screw (screw down) 1, 15–17, 17, 21, 23, 90 controller characteristic 16 helix angle 15 joint operation with the main drive 16 screw diameter 15 pulse encoder 108 PWM block 25 Rate Limiter block 114, 152 Rate Limiter subsystem 5 reactive power 13–15, 36, 57, 58, 63, 86, 89, 104, 157, 162, 176, 176, 184, 192, 203, 208, 219, 223 controller (regulator) 13 rectifier 12–14, 16, 25–27, 27, 34, 35, 37, 56–58, 62, 74, 83, 86, 103, 118, 130, 131, 131, 160, 162, 176, 182, 184, 200, 202, 219, 230 reel (coiler, winder) 39, 45, 59, 69, 72–74, 74, 75, 77, 77, 80, 80–82, 85, 86, 87, 88, 91, 103, 107, 142, 145–153, 155, 156, 159, 156, 159, 161–164, 169, 171, 172, 173, 173, 174, 176, 177 Reel1 model 73, 74, 74, 75, 77 Reel1a model 74 Reel2 model 73, 74, 75 Reel2a model 74 Reel3 model 75 reel drum 69, 80, 85, 145, 146, 146, 147, 149, 150, 161, 164, 169, 172, 173, 173 relative notch 60, 63 resonant frequency 108, 148 response to a step change (step response) 54, 108, 109, 110, 127, 137, 138, 144, 148, 149, 150, 150, 157, 157 roll clearances 91, 97, 98, 99 roll flattening 78, 79, 81 rolling force calculation 2–5, 19, 20, 29, 30, 44, 47, 78, 79 rolling schedule 80, 88, 89, 90, 91, 103 root mean square value 6 salient–pole synchronous motor 12 Sample and Hold, block 32 sawtooth waveform 129 Simscape/Electrical/Specialized Power Systems 159 six‑phase synchronous motor 36, 36 Sharing subsystem 131 Shear_Control subsystem 62, 67 Shipping_roll subsystem 172 speed controller 2, 13, 34, 43, 47, 62, 71, 73–76, 90, 107, 114, 117, 120–122, 128, 131, 137, 149, 172, 187, 189, 199, 236, 239, 240 speed effect 92, 93, 98, 100, 100 speed reference 5, 10, 11, 13, 14, 32, 73, 114, 119, 121, 127, 129, 132, 137, 140, 143, 144, 148, 151, 153, 157, 157, 187, 189, 207, 212, 217, 236 squirrel cage rotor 225 Stand subsystem 43, 47, 81, 83, 90, 92, 97 stator flux linkage 12, 14, 71, 120, 128, 160, 182 stator voltage 13 step change 81, 119, 121, 127, 137, 143, 207 stepwise increase 143, 148 stiffness coefficient C 7, 118, 126, 137, 142, 137, 142, 156, 170 stiffness of the rope. 209, 210, 220 stiffness of the stand 17, 44, 49, 77 Stone1 program 79, 81, 88, 90 strain hardening 69, 77, 81, 97 subsystems Curr_Reg 121 Drive 90, 120, 150 Flux_Est 129, 132 IM_Drive 120, 160 Load 34, 128 Nips 48 Observer 121 RL 126 sharing 131 Shear_Control 62, 67 Speed_Est 129 stand 43, 47, 81, 90, 92, 97 tension 32, 34, 133, 154, 151 Tension_ Control 32 Teta_Est 129 Torque estimator 182 synchronous motor 12–15, 24–28, 34, 54, 56–58, 70, 80, 82, 87, 88, 206260 Index synchronous motor (cont.) control system 12, 13, 13, 14, 24, 25, 34, 37, 71, 207 field orientation control principle 12 stator flux linkage 12, 14, 71 synchronous motors with permanent magnets (PMSM) 128–147 speed and position estimation 128, 129, 130 start 129 torque 128 tangential velocity 113 tensile strength 111, 147 Tension_Control subsystem 32 tension equation 41 Tension subsystem 32, 34, 42, 113, 150, 152, 230 Teta_Est subsystem 129 THD see total harmonic distortion thickness controller 44, 45, 54, 81, 89, 92, 97, 100, 101 Thickness model 51 three‑level inverter 12, 24, 36, 62, 216 three‑mass system 221 three‑phase half‑controlled thyristor rectifier 130, 131 thyristor 9, 130, 155 Torque estimator subsystem 182 total harmonic distortion (THD) 25–27, 36, 58, 86, 89, 104, 129, 162, 176, 203 transformer 13, 25, 26, 26, 27, 58, 62, 103, 124, 176, 202, 219, 236 traveling crane 179–192 Crane1a model 182 Crane1b model 182 Crane1c model 192 Crane1d model 187, 192 Crane1d1 model 187, 189, 192 Crane1d2 model 188, 198, 200 Crane1d4 model 187 Crane2b model 182 Crane2d model 192, 192 Crane2d1 model 192, 193 Crane2d2 model 192, 193 deviation angle (angle of deviation) θ 179, 184, 186, 188, 190, 192 general view 179 hoist motor, selection 180 load vibrations 187, 188, 192 second‑order (double) notch filter, utilization 187, 190 trolley motor, selection 181 trolley movement, simulation 182, 183, 186 vibration elimination, methods 186, 187 two‑level inverter 12 two‑mass system 85, 119 ultimate strength 60, 61, 63 ultimate tensile strength 111 uncoiler 75, 76, 77, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 91, 153, 155, 156, 157, 159, 159, 160, 160, 161–165, 167, 167, 168, 169, 169, 174, 176 unwinder see uncoiler vector control 25, 70, 71, 120, 120, 121, 157, 160, 199, 200, 216 vibrations 9, 108, 184, 187, 188, 192, 198–200, 211, 214, 238 voltage controller (regulator) 13, 27, 130, 131 voltage source 124, 129, 225 VSI (voltage source inverter) 12, 24, 87, 103, 225, 230 wrap angle 116, 117, 132, 206, 226, 229, 230, 236 winder see reel yield strength 2, 19, 31, 69, 70, 77, 90, 91 #ماتلاب,#متلاب,#Matlab,#مات_لاب,#مت_لاب,
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