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 |  موضوع: كتاب Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, and Numerical Control الثلاثاء 24 سبتمبر 2013, 1:09 am | |
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أحضرت لكم كتاب
Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, and Numerical Control
Principles and Implementations
Xun Xu
University of Auckland, New Zealand
ويتناول الموضوعات الأتية :
Foreword .
Preface .
Acknowledgment
About.the.Author .
Section.I:.
Principles.and.Backgrounds
Chapter.I
Geometric.Modelling.and.Computer-Aided.Design .
Introduction to Geometric Modelling .
Geometric Modelling Approaches
Wire-Frame Modelling
Surface Modelling .
Solid Modelling .
Computer-Aided Design
CAD System Architecture
Computer Hardware for CAD .
Conclusion
References .
Chapter.II
CAD.Data.Exchange.and.CAD.Standards
Issues at Hand .
CAD Kernels .
Table of Contents
Data Interoperability 35
Different Types of Data Translation/Conversion 35
Dual Kernel CAD Systems 36
Direct Data Translators 36
Common/Neutral Translators . 38
Discussions . 48
Comparing Data Exchange Methods 49
Data Quality 49
Conclusion 50
References . 51
Chapter.III
Computer-Aided.Process.Planning.and.Manufacturing 54
Computer-Aided Process Planning . 55
Basic Steps in Developing a Process Plan 55
Principal Process Planning Approaches . 61
Computer-Aided Manufacturing . 67
Computer Applications in a Manufacturing Plant 68
Key Aspects of CAM in a Manufacturing System 69
Manufacturing Control . 71
Conclusion 72
References . 73
Chapter.IV
Feature.Technology 75
Feature De.nition . 76
Feature Taxonomy . 77
Feature Representation Schemes 83
Surface Features vs. Volumetric Features . 83
Feature-Based Methodologies 86
Conclusion 88
References . 88
Chapter.V
Feature.Recognition . 90
Basic Concepts of Feature Recognition 91
Classifcation of Feature Recognition Systems . 91
Feature Detection 92
Feature Generation . 96
Some Issues on Feature Recognition 99
Concavity/Convexity of a Geometric Entity 99
Optimal Interpolation of Machinable Volumes . 103
Consideration of Blanks 105Conclusion 106
References . 107
Chapter.VI
Feature.Interactions . 109
Surface Feature Interactions .110
Surface Features 110
Classifcation of Surface Feature Interactions .110
Overlapping Features 111
Signifcance of Surface Feature Interactions .115
Volumetric Feature Interactions 116
Volumetric Features .116
Signifcance of Feature Interactions 119
Indirect Feature Interations 120
A Case Study . 120
Conclusion 124
References . 124
Chapter.VII
Integrated.Feature.Technology . 126
Integration Versus Interfacing 126
Integrated Feature Recognition 129
Machining Volumes for Different Operations . 129
Features for Finishing Operations 130
Intermediate Workplace 131
Machining Requirements . 131
Dealing with Fuzzy Information . 135
Making Decisions Based on Fuzzy Data . 139
An Example . 140
Machining Allowances for Different Cuts . 142
A Case Study . 142
Determing Machining Features from a FBD Model . 146
Mapping Design Features to Machining Features . 149
Feature Mapping . 152
Machining Features and Cutting Tools . 154
Cutting Tool Classifcation 154
Mapping Design Features to Cutting Tools 155
Conclusion 161
References . 162
Chapter.VIII
CNC.Machine.Tools . 165
A Historical Perspective . 166Principles of Numerical Control . 166
Typical CNC Machine Tools . 167
Machining Capabilities of a CNC Machine 168
Vertical Machining Centres . 168
Horizontal Machining Centres 169
Tooling for CNC Machine Tools . 170
Material for Cutting Tools . 170
Tooling Systems . 172
Automatic Tool Changer System . 172
Principal Elements of a CNC Machine Tool . 174
Machine Base 175
Machine Spindles 176
Spindle Drives . 176
Slide Drives . 177
Direct Numerical Control . 178
Designation of Axis and Motion of CNC Machines 179
Z Axis of Motion 179
X Axis of Motion 180
Y Axis of Motion 180
Rotary Motions A, B, and C 180
Origin of the Standard Coordinate System . 180
Additional Axes . 181
Direction of Spindle Rotation 183
Some Schematics of CNC Machine Tools . 183
Parallel Machine Tools: A Little “Sidetrack” 184
Conclusion 186
References . 187
Endnote . 187
Chapter.IX
Program.CNCs . 188
Program Basics . 189
Program Format . 189
NC Words 189
Other Controllable Functions . 192
Coordinate System and Program Zero 192
Coordinate System . 192
Plus and Minus 192
Program Zero 193
Absolute vs. Incremental . 194
Compensations 194
Offsets 195Organization of Offsets . 196
Wear Offsets vs. Geometry Offsets 196
Instate an Offset 196
Offsets and Trial Machining . 196
Tool Length Compensation 197
Cutter Radius Compensation 198
Programming Methods for Interpolation 201
Linear Interpolation 201
Circular Interpolation . 201
Parabolic Interpolation . 203
Summary of Some Common NC Codes . 204
Lists of Some Common G Codes . 204
Reset States 204
Lists of Some Common M Codes . 208
Examples of NC Programs 208
Programming Hole-Making Operations . 208
Programming Linear Profles . 209
Programming Circular Profles 209
Contemporary Approach to Part Programming . 210
Automatically Programmed Tools (APT) 212
CAD/CAM Approach . 226
Conclusion 228
References . 229
Section.II:.
Integration.and.Implementations
Chapter.X
Integration.of.CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC 231
Models of Integrating CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC . 232
A Case Study of Integrating CAD/CAPP/CAM . 232
Concurrent Product Modelling in a CAD/CAM System . 232
A Bird’s-Eye View of the Case Study . 233
CAD/CAM Enabling a Concurrent Environment 236
Re?ections . 237
Limited Efforts to Integrate CAM and CNC . 237
Post-Processor: A Source of Vexation . 238
Challenges . 238
The APT Effort 239
The BCL Effort 240
The BNCL Effort . 241
Intermediate Languages for CNC Programming 243Conclusion 243
References . 244
Endnote . 245
Chapter.XI
Integration.Based.on.STEP.Standards 246
Data Exchange Using STEP and STEP-NC . 247
Data Exchange between CAD Systems . 248
Data Flow between CAD, CAPP, CAM and CNC Systems . 248
Features as a Common Thread . 249
Integration through STEP AP Harmonization 251
Integrate CAD with CAPP 252
Integrate CAPP with CAM 252
Integrate CAM with CNC . 254
STEP-NC Data Model . 255
Data Access Implementation Methods 255
Conclusion 261
References . 262
Chapter.XII
Function.Block-Enabled.Integration . 266
Function Block Structure 266
Function Block-Enabled CAD/CAPP/CAM Integration . 269
Integrating CAM with CNC 270
Model-View-Control Design Pattern . 270
Software Implementation FBDK and FBRT 271
Layered Architecture of the CNC System 273
The Prototype CNC System . 275
Conclusion 280
References . 281
Chapter.XIII
Development.of.an.Integrated,.Adptable.CNC.System 283
Task-Level Data vs. Method-Level Data . 283
Generate a Native STEP-NC Program . 284
Modelling Native Machining Facilities 285
STEP-NCMtDm . 287
An Adaptor 290
STEP-NC Pre-Processor . 290
STEP-NC Encoder 290
Funtion Block Mapping Unit 292
Human-Machine Interface 293
Conclusion 295
References . 295Chapter.XIV
Integrating.CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC.with.Inspections . 297
Closed-Loop Machining and On-Machine Inspection 297
Past Research 298
A Data Model for OMI 299
An Integrated Machining and Inspection System . 304
Implementation . 306
Conclusion 309
References . 310
Chapter.XV
Internet-Based.Integration .311
A Collaborative Framework . 312
System Model 313
Client Tier: User Interface 314
Business Logic Tier: CAPP Server . 316
Data Tier: Data Model 318
Framework Development 319
Client Tier Implementation . 319
Business Logic Tier Implementation . 320
Data Tier Implementation . 320
Conclusion 323
References . 324
Chapter.XVI
From.CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC.to.PDM,.PLM.and.Beyond . 326
PDM’s Capabilities . 327
Evolution of PDM Methodology . 328
Benefts of PDM Systems 329
Interdisciplinary Collaboration 329
Reduced Product Development Cycle Time 329
Reduced Complexity of Accessing the Information of Company 329
Improved Product Management 329
Improved Lifecycle Design 330
Supply-Chain Collaboration . 330
Web-Based PDM . 330
Tiered-Architecture 331
Similarities between Web-Technology and PDM Methodology 331
Capability Improvements 332
Further Challenges . 334
PDM Standardization . 334
Integrated and Extended PDM . 337
Product Lifecycle Management 338
Defnition of PLM 338PLM Solution Model . 340
Benefts of PLM . 341
PLM Implementation . 341
PLM Standardization 343
Share-A-Space: PLM in Practice 345
Looking Forward to “Grand” Integration . 347
People-Paper Technique . 348
File-Transfer Technique 348
API Programs 348
Distributed Objects . 348
Conclusion 350
References . 351
Chapter.XVII
Key.Enabling.Technologies . 354
Knowledge-Based Systems 355
Expert Systems Technology . 355
Expert Systems Development Approaches 356
Knowledge in Product Design and Manufacturing . 357
Applications of Expert Systems . 359
Artifcial Neural Network Methods . 362
Introduction to Neural Nets . 362
ANN Used in Feature Technologies 363
ANN Used for Process Planning . 366
Genetic Algorithm . 369
Implementation Procedure of Genetic Algorithm . 370
Applications of Genetic Algorithm 372
Agent-Based Technology . 375
Basics of Agents 376
Applications of Agent Technology . 377
Other Technologies . 381
Fuzzy Logic . 381
Petri Nets . 382
Ant Colony Optimization . 382
Conclusion 383
References . 383
Index 394x
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Admin
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| | موضوع: رد: كتاب Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, and Numerical Control الأربعاء 25 سبتمبر 2013, 4:58 pm | |
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