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 |  موضوع: كتاب Mechanics of Materials الأربعاء 03 يوليو 2019, 5:09 pm | |
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أخوانى فى الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
Mechanics of Materials
Ansel C. Ugural
New Jersey Institute of Technology
و المحتوى كما يلي :
CONTENTS
PREFACE vii 3.2 Deformation 80
3 3 Strain 81
3.4 Components of Strain 84
3.5 Materials 89
3.6 Stress-Strain Diagrams 90
3.7 True Stress and True Strain 97
3.8 Elastic versus Plastic Behavior 98
3.9 Hooke's Law 99
3.10 Poisson's Ratio 102
3.11 Generalized Hooke's Law 108
3.12 Strain Energy 113
3.13 Impact Strength 115
3.14 Fatigue 116
3.15 Permanent Deformation 119
3.16 General Properties of Materials 121
3.17 Selecting Materials 122
Chapter Summary 127
References 129
LIST OF SYMBOLS xix
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Mechanics of Materials 2
1.2 Scope of the Book 3
1.3 Methods of Analysis 4
1.4 Engineering Design 5
1.5 Review of Static Equilibrium 6
1.6 Internal Force Resultants 10
1.7 Problem Formulation and Solution 13
1.8 Application to Simple Structures 15
Chapter Summary 26
References 27
Chapter 2 CONCEPT OF STRESS 28
2.1 Introduction 29
2.2 Internal Axial Forces 29
2.3 Normal Stress 31
2.4 Bearing Stress in Connections 37
2.5 Shearing Stress 38
2.6 Stresses in Simple Structures 43
2.7 Allowable Stress and Factor of Safety 52
2.8 Design of Bars for Axial Loading 56
2.9 Case Studies 60
2.10 Stress under General Loading 68
Chapter Summary 77
References 78
Chapter 4 AXIALLY LOADED
MEMBERS 130
4.1 Introduction 131
4.2 Deformation
of Axially Loaded Members 131
4.3 Statically Indeterminate
Structures 143
4.4 Method of Superposition 147
4.5 Thermal Deformation and Stress 148
4.6 Stresses on Inclined Planes 156
4.7 Saint-Venant's Principle 159
4.8 Stress Concentrations 160
4.9 Ductility and Design 164
4.10 Plastic Deformation
and Residual Stress 165
Chapter 3 STRAIN AND
MATERIAL PROPERTIES 79
3 1 Introduction SO7.8 Shear Stress Distribution
in Rectangular Beams 297
7 9 Shear Stresses in Beams
of Circular Cross Section 299
7.10 Shear Stress Distribution
in Flanged Beams 300
7.11 Comparison of Shear
and Bending Stresses 304
7.12 Design of Prismatic Beams 308
7.13 Design of Beams of Constant Strength 31j
PART C Special Topics 321
7.14 Composite Beams 321
7.15 Reinforced Concrete Beams 325
7.16 Unsymmetric Bending 327
7.17 Shear Center 332
7.18 Inelastic Bending 334
7.19 Curved Beams 341
Chapter Summary 356
References 359
Chapter Summary 172
References 173
Chapter 5 TORSION 174
5.1 Introduction 175
Deformation of a Circular Shaft 175
• 5.3 The Torsion Formula 178
5.4 Axial and Transverse Shear Stresses
5.5 Stresses on Inclined Planes 183
• 5.6 Angle of Twist 188
5.7 Statically Indeterminate Shafts 196
5.8 Design of Circular Shafts 202
5.9 Stress Concentrations 206
5.10 Inelastic Torsion of Circular Shafts 211
5.11 Torsion of Noncircular Solid Bars 215
5.12 Thin-Walled Hollow Members 218
Chapter Summary 228
References
Chapter 6 SHEAR AND MOMENT
IN BEAMS 231 Chapter 8 TRANSFORMATION
6.1 Introduction 232 OF STRESS AND STRAIN 360
6.2 Classification of Beams 232
6.3 Calculation of Beam Reactions 233
6.4 Shear Force and
Bending Moment 238
6.5 Load, Shear, and Moment
Relationships 243
6.6 Shear and Moment Diagrams 245
6.7 Discontinuity Functions 259
Chapter Summary 268
References 270
8.1 Introduction 361
8.2 Plane Stress 361
8.3 Principal Stresses 367
8.4 Maximum Shear Stress 368
8.5 Mohr's Circle for Plane Stress 370
8.6 Absolute Maximum Shear Stress 383
8.7 Principal Stresses
for a General State of Stress 384
8.8 Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels 385
8.9 Thick-Walled Pressure Vessels 393
8.10 Plane Strain 402
Mohr's Circle for Plane Strain
Measurement of Strain;
Strain Rosette 409
Relation Involving E, v, and G 412
Chapter Summary 416
References 418
Chapter 7 STRESSES IN BEAMS 271
7.1 Introduction 272
PART A Pure Bending 273
7.2 Beam Deformation in Pure Bending 273
7.3 Assumptions of Beam Theory 275
7.4 Normal Strain in Beams 276
7.5 Normal Stress in Beams 280
Stress Concentrations in Bending 285
PART B Shear and Bending 292
7.7 Shear Stresses in Beams
Chapter 9 COMBINED LOADINGS
AND FAILURE CRITERIA
9.1 Introduction
xviPART A Combined Stresses 421
9.2 Axial and Torsional Loads 421
9.3 Direct Shear and Torsional Loads:
Helical Springs 427
9.4 Axial, Transverse, and Torsional Loads 431
9.5 Transverse Shear and Bending Moment
Loads: Principal Stresses in Beams 437
9 6 Eccentric Axial Loads 440
PART B Failure Theories in Design 450
9.7 Material Failure 450
9 8 Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials 451
9.9 Fracture Criteria for Brittle Materials 454
9.10 Design of Transmission Shafts 460
Chapter Summary 468
References 470
11.7 Design of Columns
for Centric Loading 564
11.8 Design of Columns
for Eccentric Loading 569
Chapter Summary 574
References 575
Chapter 12 ENERGY METHODS
AND IMPACT 576
12.1 Introduction 577
12.2 Strain Energy under Axial Loading 577
12.3 Strain Energy in Circular Shafts 580
12.4 Strain Energy in Beams 581
12.5 Strain Energy for a General State
of Stress 584
12.6 Conservation of Energy 589
12.7 Displacement under a Single Load
by the Work-Energy Method 590
12.8 Displacements
by Castigliano's Theorem 593
12.9 Unit-Load Method 599
12.10 Statically Indeterminate Structures 602
12.11 Impact Loading 609
12.12 Longitudinal and Bending Impact 610
Chapter Summary 621
References 623
Chapter 10 DEFLECTIONS OF BEAMS 471
10.1 Introduction 472
10.2 The Elastic Curve 472
10.3 Boundary Conditions 473
10.4 Method of Integration 476
10.5 Use of Discontinuity Functions 487
10.6 Method of Superposition 493
10.7 Statically Indeterminate Beams 496
10.8 Statically Indeterminate Beams—
Method of Integration 497
10.9 Statically Indeterminate Beam:
Method of Superposition 507
10.10 Moment-Area Method 514
10.11 Statically Indeterminate Beams—
Moment-Area Method 525
10.12 Continuous Beams 527
Chapter Summary 535
References 536
Chapter 13 FINITE ELEMENT
ANALYSIS 624
13.1 Introduction 625
13.2 The Bar Element 626
13.3 Two-Dimensional Bar Element 627
13.4 Axial Force in the Bar Element 630
13.5 Formulation
of the Finite Element Method 631
13.6 Beam Elements 644
Chapter Summary 652
References 653
Chapter 11 BUCKLING OF COLUMNS 537
11
*1 Introduction 538
11.2 Stability of Structures 538
11.3 Pin-Ended Columns 540
11.4 Columns with Other End Conditions 542
11
*5 Critical Stress:Classificationof Columns 547
11 6 Eccentric Loaded Columns
and the Secant Formula 558
Appendix A PROPERTIES OF AREAS 655
A.1 Centroid of an Area 655
A.2 Moments of Inertia and Radius
of Gyration 658
xviiB.12 Properties of Steel L Shapes,
Angles with Unequal Legs 684
B.13 Properties of Structural Lumber 686
B.14 Deflections and Slopes of Beams 687
B.15 Reactions and Deflections
of Statically Indeterminate Beams 689
A.3 Parallel-Axis Theorem 660
A.4 Principal Moments of Inertia 662
Appendix B TABLES 667
B.1 Principal SI Units Used in Mechanics 668
B.2 SI Prefixes 668
B.3 Conversion Factors between
U.S. Customary and SI Units 669
B.4 Properties of Selected Engineering
Materials 670
B.5 Materials and Selected Members
of Each Class 672
B.6 Properties of Areas 674
B.7 Properties of Selected Steel Pipe
and Tubing 675
B.8 Properties of Steel W Shapes,
Wide-Flange Sections 676
B.9 Properties of Steel S Shapes,
American Standard I-Beams 678
B.10 Properties of Steel C Shapes,
American Standard Channels 680
B.11 Properties of Steel L Shapes,
Angles with Equal Legs 682
Appendix C MATRIX ALGEBRA 690
C.1 Definition of a Matrix 690
C.2 Determinant of a Matrix 691
C.3 Matrix Operations 693
C.4 Simultaneous Linear Equations 695
Appendix D FUNDAMENTALS
OF ENGINEERING EXAMINATION 697
ANSWERS TO SELECTED
EVEN-NUMBERED PROBLEMS 698
INDEX 711List of Symbols
A area
I ) width
C centroid
c distance from neutral axis to extreme fiber,
radius
O diameter
d diameter, distance, depth, dimension
E modulus of elasticity
eccentricity, dilatation, distance
F force
/ frequency, flexibility, shape factor
G modulus of rigidity, shear modulus of
elasticity
g acceleration of gravity
h height, depth of beam
I moment of inertia of area
J polar moment of inertia of area
K stress concentration factor, impact factor
k spring constant, stiffness, bulk modulus
L length, span
M bending moment, couple
m mass, spring index
N number of cycles, number of coils
n modular ratio, speed
ns factor of safety
P force, concentrated load, power
p pressure
Q first moment of area, force
q shear force per unit length, shear flow
R radius reaction, force
radius, radius of gyration
elastic section modulus
distance, length along a line
torque, temperature
thickness, width, tangential deviation,
temperature
strain energy
displacement components
shearing force, volume
velocity
work, weight
load per unit length
plastic section modulus
rectangular coordinates, distances
angle, coefficient of thermal expansion,
form factor for shear
7 (gamma) shearing strain, specific weight
6, A (delta) deformation, displacement
E (epsilon) normal strain
9 (theta) angle, slope
K (kappa) curvature
p (mu)
v (nu)
P (rho)
o (sigma) normal stress
r (tau)
4> (phi)
a) (omega) angular velocity
5 A T i U
e u, v, w
V v W w Z ,x
y. z
a (alpha)
micro
Poisson’s ratio
radius, radius of curvature, density
shearing stress
angle, total angle of twist
xix
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