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| موضوع: كتاب Guide Codes For Homeowners - Electrical, Plumbing, Construction, Mechanical الأحد 25 يوليو 2021, 6:35 am | |
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أخوانى فى الله أحضرت لكم كتاب Guide Codes For Homeowners Electrical, Plumbing, Construction, Mechanical Black Decker Complete Guide Codes For Homeowners Electrical Plumbing Construction Mechanical Current with 2018–2021 Codes 4th Edition Bruce A. Barker
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents Codes for Homeowners Introduction 7 Codes & Permits: The Basics 8 BUILDING DESIGN & SAFETY 19 Habitable Rooms 20 Fire Separations 22 Stairways 24 Emergency Escape Openings 30 Egress Doors 32 Exterior Doors 33 Door & Window Hazards 34 Ventilation & Exhaust 36 Smoke & Carbon Monoxide Alarms Contents (Cont.) STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS 45 Foundations 48 Crawlspaces 52 Decks 54 Floor Systems 62 Wall Systems 70 Wall Penetration Flashing 84 Roof Systems 86 EXTERIOR COMPONENTS 97 Shingle Roof-Covering Installation 98 Fireplaces & Chimneys 104 HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING 109 HVAC Appliances 110 HVAC Duct Installation 116 Combustion Air for Fuel-Burning Appliances 118 Vents for Fuel-Burning Appliances 121 PLUMBING SYSTEM 125 The Home Plumbing System 130 Water Supply Piping 131157 INDEX 235 aboveground exhaust duct construction, 38 aboveground service, 180, 182–183 ABS plastic pipe joints, 144 accessible (readily), 170 accessible (wires), 170 air, prohibited sources for return and outdoor, 117 air admittance valve, 126, 155 air conditioners. See also heating and air conditioning condensate disposal for, 114–115 parts for central, 110 room units, 190 air gaps, 166 air intake vents, 111 air movement requirements, 37 airtight construction, 119 aluminum wire, recognizing, 224 American Concrete Institute, 49 anchor bolts, 51 anchor straps, 51 antennas, 218–219 appliances chimney as vent for, 105 circuits for, 190 fuel‑burning, 118–123 HVAC, 110–115 not requiring a vent, 123 prohibited locations for, 111 arc‑fault (AFCI) protection, 203 area requirements, 20 area wells, 31 armored cable, 217 attics access to, 95 lights required in, 214 storage in, 91 wiring protection in, 197 Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ), 11 band board, 65 bars, 30 baseboard heating systems, 112 basements ceiling height for, 20 concrete for, 50 escape openings in, 30 lights required in, 214 receptacles in, 201, 203 bathrooms ceiling fans and lights near, 215 circuits for, 190 design standards for, 21 receptacles in, 201, 202 windows in, 35 bedroom floor joist spans, 62–63 bend (elbow), 140 bonding, 170, 184–188 bonding jumper wire, 225 bottom plate construction, 75 braced wall, 78 branch circuit definition of, 170 load limits for, 189–191 quantity of receptacles on, 191 requirements for, 189–197 branch drain, 126 branch vent, 126 braze (brazing), 126 brick veneer, 103 bridging, 66 broadband cable wiring, 220–221 building departments, 11 building design and safety about, 19 door and window hazards, 34–35 egress doors, 32 emergency escape openings, 30–31 exterior doors, 33 Index fire separations, 22–23 habitable rooms, 20–21 smoke and carbon monoxide alarms, 42–43 stairways, 24–29 ventilation and exhaust, 36–41 building drain, 126 building sewer, 126 cable common problems with, 225–227 definition of, 170 secured to cabinet, 207 carbon monoxide alarms, 42–43 ceiling fans, 215 ceiling height, minimum, 20–21 ceiling joist bearing on support, 88 bridging and lateral support for, 88 deflection for, 92 nailing to rafter, 89–90 notches and holes in, 88 span definitions for, 91, 92 ceilings, fire separation and, 23 central air conditioner parts, 110 certificates of occupancy, 15 chimney crickets, 102 chimneys, 104–107 circuit breaker panels, 210–211 clay soil, 48 cleanout openings, 146–147 closed‑cut valley flashing, 101 closet bend, 140 closet flange, 139, 140, 161 closet lights, 216 clothes dryer exhaust requirements, 40–41 clothes washing machines, 163 code compliance, 11 codes & permits, basics of, 8–17236 CODES FOR HOMEOWNERS cold water supply system, 131 collar ties, 88 combustion air for fireplaces, 105 for fuel‑burning appliances, 118–120 concrete, foundation, 50–51 concrete encased electrodes, 187 condensate disposal, 114–115 conduit and tubing installation, 196 connections and joints, drain and sewer pipe, 142–145 continuity, 29 corrugated stainless steel gas tubing, bonding, 188 coupling, 140 crawlspaces, 52–53, 203, 214 cripple wall framing, 77 cutoff valves, 136 damp locations, 206, 215 dead load, 46, 91 decks, 54–61 beams, 58 bracing, 61 flashing, 59 flooring, 60 footings, 56 guards and handrails, 60–61 joists, 56–58 posts, 58–59 stairs, 60 decorative chimney covers, 107 deflection of structural components, 46–47 device boxes, 204–211 discharge tubes, 114–115 dishwashing machines, 162 door hazards, 34–35 doors exterior, 33, 214 how to flash, 85 lights required at, 214 downdraft ventilation, 39 draftstopping, 68 drainpipe, 126, 137 drip edge, 99 drip pans, 159 drop wire clearances, 182–183 ducts combustion air, 119–120 construction of, 40 installation of HVAC, 116–117 length of, 40–41 sizing of HVAC, 114 edge spacing, 70 egress doors, 32 egress requirements, 30 egress wells, 31 egress windows, 30 elastomeric gaskets, 127, 138, 144, 145 electric equipment grounding, 217 electric radiant (baseboard) heating systems, 112 electrical boxes inspection of, 229–231 length of wires extending from, 177 non‑metallic, 204 specifications for, 209 supports for, 206–207 types of, 208 unclamped cable entering, 227 electrical branch circuit requirements, 189–197 electrical currents, understanding, 173–183 electrical panels identification of circuits in, 174 inspecting for proper grounding, 185 prohibited locations for, 174 working clearances around, 175 electrical receptacle installation, 198–201 electrical rough‑in inspection, 17 electrical service disconnecting, 179 identifying, 180–181 electrical system about, 169–172 broadband cable wiring, 220–221 electrical branch circuit requirements, 189–197 electrical grounding and bonding, 184–188 electrical receptacle installation, 198–201 ground‑fault (GFCI) and arc‑fault (AFCI) protection, 202–203 junction boxes, device boxes and enclosures, 204–211 light fixture installation, 214–217 satellite dishes, television and radio antennas, 218–219 switch installation, 212–213 understanding electrical circuits, 173–183 electrodes, grounding, 186–188 emergency escape openings, 30–31 enclosures, 204–211 endnailing, 70 environmental load, 46 exhaust, 36–41 exhaust fan labels, 37 exhaust hoods, 38 exterior components about, 97 fireplaces and chimneys, 104–107 shingle roof‑covering installation, 98–103 exterior doors, 33, 214 exterior receptacles, 201, 202–203 exterior stairways, 24, 25 facenailing, 70 factory‑built fireplaces, 106–107 fall hazard rules, 34, 35 fasteners, roofing, 103 final inspections, 15 fire separation, 22–23 fireblocking, 82–83 fireplaces, 104–107 fire‑rated doors, 22 fittings definition of, 126 DMV, 140–142 for water supply lines, 133–134 fixture drain, 126–127 fixtures definition of, 126 flow rate at, 132 flashing roof, 101–103 for skylights, 102INDEX 237 vent, 150 wall penetration, 84–85 flexible cords, 197 flexible HVAC duct installation, 116–117 flexible water connectors, 134 floor joist openings, 66 floor joist span tables, 62–63 floor sheathing, 67 floor systems, 62–69 floor trusses, 68 food disposers, 163 footings inspection of, 16 width and depth for, 49 forced air heating system, 111 foundation anchors, 51 foundation walls inspection, 16 foundations, 48–51 four‑way switches, 212 FOUR‑wire feeder, 186 framing inspection, 17 framing materials, wood nailing to, 71 freeze proof yard hydrant, 129 furnaces, 110 fuses, common problems with, 223 garage appliances installed in, 113 concrete for, 50 definition of, 22 fire separation and, 22–23 receptacle circuits for, 190 receptacles in, 201, 202 gas fireplaces, 106 gas furnace parts, 110 gas pipe bonding, 188 girders, on supports, 64 grade plane, 10 grandfathering existing work, 13 gravel soil, 48 ground fault, 170, 184 grounded (definition), 170 grounded wire, 170 ground‑fault (GFCI), 202–203 grounding, 184–188, 220–221 grounding electrode, 170 grounding electrode wire, 170, 186–188, 219 grounding wire, 170 grounding wire continuity, 178 guards, 28–29, 60–61 gypsum drywall, 23 habitable rooms, 20–21, 214. See also individual rooms handrails, 28–29, 60–61 hardware for decks, 54, 55 for joists, 65 headers, on supports, 64 headwalls, 103 hearth extension, 104 heat alarms, 42 heat producing devices, insulation clearance to, 95 heating and air conditioning about, 109 combustion air for fuel‑burning appliances, 118–120 in garage, 23 HVAC appliances, 110–115 HVAC duct installation, 116–117 inspection of, 17 vents for fuel‑burning appliances, 121–123 high wind, 46 hip rafter framing, 86–87 home wiring system, 172 hose bibs, 136 hot water supply system, 131 house numbers, 33 hub, 127 hurricane ties/clips, 46, 57, 90 ice dams, 100 I‑joists, 68 indirect waste receptor, 127 inlet, 140 inspections of electrical boxes, 229–231 of electrical panels, 185 of electrical rough‑in, 17 final, 15 of footings, 16 of foundation walls, 16 framing, 17 of heating and air conditioning, 17 overview of, 14–17 of plumbing rough‑in, 17 of receptacles, 232–233 required, 15 of service panel, 223–224 of switches, 232–233 inspectors, working with, 11–12 installation instructions, 13 insulation clearance to heat producing devices, 95 intake openings, 37, 117 interior stairways, 24–29 intermediate spacing, 70 International Building Code (IBC), 9, 10 International Code Council (ICC), 8 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), 9 International Fuel Gas Code (IFG), 9 International Mechanical Code (IMC), 9 International Plumbing Code (IPC), 9 International Residential Code (IRC), 7, 8, 9, 10 ionizing alarms, 42 irrigation systems, 167 island fixture vent, 154–155 jumper wire, 225 junction boxes, 204–211 kick‑out flashing, 84, 103 kitchens. See also individual appliances exhaust fan rates, 39 exhaust requirements, 38 receptacle installation, 200–202 kneewall areas, 20 laminated beam, 68 laminated glass, 34 landing, 24, 27–28, 32, 33 lateral load connector hardware, 55 laundry receptacle, 201238 CODES FOR HOMEOWNERS laundry receptacle circuits, 190 laundry tray, 127 ledger attachment, 55–56 light fixtures boxes for, 204 common problems with, 231 installation of, 214–215 lighting, for stairways, 24, 25 live loads, 29, 46–47, 91, 93 living area floor joist spans, 63 load‑bearing walls floor joists under, 64 stud size and spacing for, 73 loads, 46–47 local building codes, 8 local code amendments, 9 location (damp), 170 location (wet), 170–171 locks, 30, 32 lumber for decks, 54, 60 nailing structural, 72 manufacturer’s instructions, 13 masonry fireplace clearance, 104–105 measurement conversions, 234 microwave ovens, 39 mildew, 36 mistakes, common, 222–233 moisture, 36 mold, 36 multiwire branch circuit, 171, 191 nail guards, 226 nailing definitions, 70 National Electric Code (NEC), 9, 222 National Fire Protection Agency, 222 NM cable, 193–195, 217 non‑grounding type receptacles, 199 nonload‑bearing walls, stud size and spacing for, 74 nosing, 24, 27 notches and holes in ceiling joist, 88 in joists and rafters, 68–69 in joists and studs, 193 in rafters, 69, 88 in top plate, 75 in wall studs, 76 O.C. (on center), 70 offset, 127 offset joints, 75 on‑center spacking, 58 open risers, 26 OSB panel labels, 67 outdoor air, prohibited sources for, 117 outlet, 171 overcurrent protection device, 171 permit expiration, 15 permits, 14–15 pet doors, 22 photoelectric alarms, 42 pipe support, 135 pipes connections and joints between, 142–145 drain and sewer, 138 joints between different types, 145 protecting, 136 size reduction, 145 slope of, 145 plate constructions, 75 plumbing rough‑in inspection, 17 plumbing systems about, 125–129 drain, waste and vent piping (DWV), 137–147 home plumbing system, 130 plumbing appliances and fixtures, 157–167 plumbing traps, 156 plumbing vents, 148–155 water supply piping, 131–136 plywood labels, 67 point load, 46, 47 polarized receptacles, 217 post cap hardware, 59 pressure‑reducing valve, 132 private inspectors, 12 pull‑down stairs, 23 purlins, 87 PVC plastic pipe joints, 144–145 raceways, box support by, 206 radio antennas, 218–219 rafters bearing on support, 88 bridging and lateral support for, 88 ceiling joist nailed to, 89–90 deflection for, 92 notches and holes in, 69, 88 span definitions for, 91, 93 truss connection to walls and, 90 rain cap, 105 range hoods, 38, 39 receptacles definition of, 171 inspecting, 232–233 installation of, 198–201 types of, 217 receptor (indirect waste), 127 recessed lights, 214 relief valves, 158 required inspections, 15 resources, 234 return air, prohibited sources for, 117 ridge framing, 86–87 ridgeboards, 86–87 rim joist connections, 57 riser, 24 riser height, 26 rod and pipe electrodes, 187 roof, vent height above, 123 roof deck type restriction, 98 roof flashing, 101–103 roof slope restrictions for, 98 underlayment application for, 99–100 roof systems, 86–95 roof truss installation, 94 roofing fasteners, 103 rust stains, 223 saddle fitting, 128 safety, wiring, 173, 189, 211 safety glazing, 34–35 sandy gravel soil, 48 sandy soil, 48 sanitary tee, 141 satellite dishes, 218–219INDEX 239 seismic risk areas, 46 service clearance, 182 service current capacity requirements, minimum, 174 service drop, 171 service entrance wires, 171 service panel, 179 service panel inspection, 223–224 sewer pipe, 138 shield plate, 75 shingle roof‑covering installation, 98–103 showers, 21, 165 silt soil, 48 sinks, 20, 21 site address, 33 skylights, 102 slip joint, 128, 139 smoke alarms, 42–43 snow loads, 91, 93 soil (plumbing term), 128 soil load‑bearing capacities, 48 soil types, common, 48 solder (soldering), 128 solvent cement, 144 sone ratings, 37 spark arrestor, 105 splices, 176, 227 spread footing, 50 stack, 128 stack vent, 128 stairways, 24–29 on decks, 60 dimensions for, 25–26 exterior, 24, 25 guards for, 28–29 headroom height for, 27 landings for, 27–28 lighting and switching for, 24–25 terms for, 24 width for, 25 windows in, 35 standpipe, 129 staples as shingle fasteners, 103 state building codes, 8 steel pipe joints, 144 step flashing, 102 step footing, 50 stop‑and‑waste valve, 129 street fitting, 141 structural components about, 45–470 crawlspaces, 52–53 decks, 54–61 floor systems, 62–69 foundations, 48–51 roof systems, 86–95 wall penetration flashing, 84–85 wall systems, 70–83 structural panel wall bracing, 78, 80, 82 subfloor, nailing one‑piece, 72 support posts, 58 supports, for flooring system, 64–65 sweep, 141 switches inspecting, 232–233 installation of, 212–213 load limits for, 212 for stairways, 24, 25 tailpiece, 129, 139 tamper‑resistant receptacles, 198–199 tee, 141 television antennas, 218–219 tempered glass, 34–35 three‑slot receptacles, 217 three‑way switches, 212 timer switches, 213 toenailing, 70 toilets, 20, 21, 160–161 top plate construction, 75 transition cement, 144 transition duct, 41 traps, 129, 137, 148, 156 tread, 24 tread depth, 26 tread nosing, 27 tread slope, 27 trusses alteration and repair of, 94 connection to walls, 90 design and bracing requirements for, 94 floor, 68 installation tolerances for, 94 roof, 94 tubs, 21 Type X drywall, 23 UF cable, 193–195 underground service lateral, 181 underground water pipe electrodes, 187 underlayment application of, 99–100 specifications for, 99 ungrounded conductor, 171 Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC), 9 unused openings, closure of, 174 valley framing, 86–87 vent (plumbing term), 129 vent pipes, 137, 148–155 vent stack, 129 vent termination, 150–155 vents and ventilation, 36–41 chimney as appliance vent, 105 clearance for, 122 connectors and fittings for, 121 for crawlspaces, 52–53 for fireplaces, 104 for fuel‑burning appliances, 121–123 joints between, 123 plumbing, 148–155 slope of, 123 volume units, 205 wall bracing, 78–82 wall footing, 50 wall penetration flashing, 84–85 wall studs notches and holes in, 76 size and spacing for, 73–75 wall systems, 70–83 walls, fire separation and, 23 waste, 129 waste tee, 163 water distribution pipes, 133–134 water flow, 132 water heaters, 157–159 water pipe bonding, 188 water pressure, 132 water supply backflow protection, 166 water supply riser, 165240 CODES FOR HOMEOWNERS water‑hammer arrestors, 163 web‑type trusses, 68 wet locations, 206, 213, 215 wet surfaces, safety glazing near, 35 wet vents, 153–154 whirlpool bathtubs (jetted baths), 164, 203 wind, high, 46 winder stair tread, 27 winder tread, 24 window hazards, 34–35 window wells, 31 windows above bathtubs and showers, 35 fall hazard rules for, 35 how to flash, 85 wire, recognizing aluminum, 224 wire connections, checking, 228 wire volume unit, 205 wires color codes for, 178 connecting to terminals, 177 size chart for, 178 splicing, 176 wiring methods, 192–197 wiring safety, 173, 189, 211 wiring support requirements, 196 wood grades, in wall construction, 73 wood nailing definitions for, 70 requirements for, 71–72 wood structural panel wall bracing, 82 wood‑burning fireplace energy efficiency requirements, 105 woven valleys, 101 wye, 141 yard hydrant (freeze proof), 129 zoning ordinances, 10
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