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 |  موضوع: كتاب Strength of Materials الثلاثاء 19 أكتوبر 2021, 12:51 am | |
| 
أخواني في الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
Strength of Materials
N. M. Belyaev
translated from the Russian
by N. R. Mehia
و المحتوى كما يلي :
Contents
Nikolai Mikhailovich Belyaev 5
Preface to the Fifteenth Russian Edition 7
PART 1. Introduction. Tension and Compression
Chapter 1. Introduction 17
§ 1. The science of strength of materials 17 !2. Classification of forces acting on elements of structures 18
3. Deformations and stresses 21
4. Scheme of a solution of the fundamental problem of strength of
materials 23
§ 5. Types of deformations 27
Chapter 2. Stress and Strain in Tension and Compression Within the Elastic Limit
Selection of Cross-sectional Area 27
§ 6. Determining the stresses in planes perpendicular io tile axis
of the bar 27
§7. Permissible stresses. Selecting the cross-sectional area 30
1 8. Deformations under tension and compression. Hooke's law 32
§9. Lateral deformation coefficient. Poisson's ratio 36
Chapter 3. Experimental Study of Tension and Compression In Various Materials and
the Basis of Selecting the Permissible Stresses 40
§ 10. Tension test diagram. Mechanical properties of materials 40
1 11. Stress-strain diagram 47
§ 12. True stress-strain diagram 48
§ 13. Stress-strain diagram for ductile and brittle materials 62
§ 14. Rupture in compression of brittle and ductile materials. Compression test diagram 64
§ 16. Comparative study of the mechanical properties of ductile and
brittle materials 57
§ 16. Considerations in selection of safety factoi 59
§ 17. Permissible stresses under tension and compression for various
materials 64
PART II. Complicated Cases of Tension and
Compression
Chapter 4. Design of Statically Indeterminate Systems for Permissible Stresses 66
$ 18. Statically indeterminate systems 66
1 19. The effect of manufacturing inaccuracies on the forces acting in the
elements of statically indeterminate structures 73
§20. Tension and compression in bars made of heterogeneous materials 77
§21. Stresses due to temperature change 79
§22. Simultaneous account for various factors 82
§23. More complicated cases of statically indeterminate structures 8510 Contents
Chapter 5. Account for Dead Weight In Tension and Compression* Design of Flexible
Strings 88
§ 24. Selecting the cross-sectional area with the account for the dead
weight (in tension and compression) 86
§25. Deformations due to dead weight 81
§26. Flexible cables 92
Chapter 6. Compound Stressed State. Stress and Strain 99
§ 27. Stresses along Inclined sections under axial tension or compression
(uniaxial stress) 99
§ 28. Concept of principal stresses. Types of stresses of materials 101
§ 29. Examples oil biaxial and triaxiaf stresses. Design of a cylindrical
reservoir 103
§30. Stresses In a biaxial stressed state 107
§31. Graphic determination of stresses (Mohr’s circle) 110
§32. Determination of the. principal stresses with the help of the stress
circle 114
S33. Stresses in triaxia! stressed state 117 34. Deformations In the compound stress 121
35. Potential energy of elastic deformation in compound stress 124
36. Pure shear. Stresses and strains. Hooke’s law. Potential
energy 127
Chapter 7. Strength of Materials in Compound Stress 132
§ 37. Resistance to failure. Rupture and shear 132
§38. Strength theories 136
§39. Theories of brittle failure (theories of rupture) 138
§40. Theories of ductile failure (theories of shear) 140
§41. Reduced stresses according to different strength theories 147
§42. Permissible stresses in pure shear 149
PART III. Shear and Torsion
Chapter 8. Practical Methods of Design on Shear 151
§43. Design of riveted and bolted joints 151
§44. Design of welded joints 158
Chapter 9. Torsion. Strength and Rigidity of Twisted Bars 164
!45. Torque 164 46. Calculation of torques transmitted to the shaft 167
47. Determining stresses in a round shaft under torsion 168
48. Determination of polar moments of inertia and section moduli
of a shaft section 174
§49. Strength condition in torsion 176
§50. Deformations in torsion. Rigidity condition 176
§ 51. Stresses under torsion in a section inclined to the shaft axis 178
§52. Potential energy of torsion 180
§53. Stress and strain In dose-coiled helical springs 181
1 54. Torsion in rods of non-circular section 187Contents II
PART IV. Bending. Strength of Beams
Chapter 10. Internal Forces In Bending. Shearing-force and Bendfng-momenl
Diagrams 198
$ 55. Fundamental concepts of deformation in bending. Construction of
beam supports 195
§56. Nature of stresses in a beam. Bending moment and shealine
force 200 *
§57. Differential relation between the intensity of a continuous load,
shearing force and bending moment 205
§58. Plotting bending-moment and shearing-force diagrams 207
§59. Plotting bending-moment and shearing-force diagrams for more
complicated loads 214
1 60. The check of proper plotting of Qr and M-diagrams 221
§ 61. Application of the principle of superposition of forces In plotting
shearing-force and bending-moment diagrams 223
Chapter 1|. Determination of Normal Stresses in Bending and Strength of
Beams 225
§62. Experimental investigation of the working of materials in pure
bending 225
§ 63. Determination of norma) stresses In bending. Hooke’s law and potential energy of bending 228
§ 64. Application of the results derived above in checking the strength of
beams 235
Chapter 12. Determination of Moments of Inertia of Plane Figures 239
§65. Determination of moments of inertia and section moduli for simple
sections 239
§66. General method of calculating the moments of inertia of complex
sections 244
§ 67. Relation between moments of inertia about two parallel axes one
of which is the central axis 246
§68. Relation between the moments of inertia under rotation of
axes 247
§69. Principal axes of inertia and principal moments of inertia 250
§70. The maximum and minimum values oi the central moments of
inertia 254
§ 71. Application of the formula for determining normal stresses to
beams of non-symmetricai sections 254
§72. Radii of inertia. Concept of the momenta! ellipse 256
§ 73. Strength check, choice of section and determination of permissible
load in bending 258
Chapter 13. Shearing and Principal Stresses In Beams 263
§ 74. Shearing stresses in a beam of rectangular section 263
1 75. Shearing stresses in I-beams 270
§ 76, Shearing stresses in beams of circular and ring sections 272
§77. Strength check for principal stresses 275
§ 78. Directions the principal stresses 280
Chapter 14. Shear Centre. Composite Beams 283
§ 79. Shearing stresses parallel to the neutral axis.
Concept of shear centre 233
§80, Riveted and welded beams 28912 Contents
PART V. Deformation of Beams due to Bending
Chapter 15. Analytical Method of Determining Deformations 292
§ 81. Deflection and rotation oi beam sections 292
$ 82. Differential equation of the deflected axis 294
§ 83. Integration oi the differentia) equation of the deflected axis of a
beam fixed at one end 296
84. Integrating the differential equation of the deflected axis of a simply
supported beam 299
§ 85. Method of equating the constants of integration oi differential
equations when the beam has a number of differently loaded
portions 301
§ 86. Method of initial parameters for determining displacements in
beams 304
! 87, Simply supported beam unsymmettically loaded by a force 305 88. Integrating the differential equation for a hinged beam 307
89. Superposition of forces 310
90. Differential relations in bending 312
Chapter 16. Graph-analytic Method of Calculating Displacement in Bending 3)3
§ 91. Graph-analytic method 313
§ 92. Examples of determining deformations by the graph-analytic
method 317
§ 93. The graph-analytic method applied to curvilinear bending-moment
diagrams 320
Chapter 17. Non-uniform Beams 324
§ 94. Selecting the section in beams of uniform strength 324
| 95. Practical examples of beams of uniform strength 325
§ 96. Displacements in non-uniform beams 326
PART VI. Potential Energy. Statically Indeterminate
Beams
Chapter 18. Application of the Concept of Potential Energy in Determining Displacements 331
§ 97. Statement of the problem 331
| 98. Potential energy in the simplest cases of loading 333
§ 99. Potential energy ior the case of several forces 334
§ 100. Calculating bending energy using internal forces 336
§ 101. Castigliano’s theorem 337
$ 102. Examples of application of Castigiiano’s theorem 341
$ 103. Method of introducing an external force 344
§ 104. Theorem of reciprocity of works 346
§ 105. The theorem of Maxwell and Mohr 347
§ 106. Vereshchagin’s method 349
1 107. Displacements In frames 351
1 108. Deflection of beams due to shearing force 353
Chapter 19. Statically indeterminate Beams 356
§ 109. Fundamental concepts 356
§ 110. Removing static indeterminacy via the differential equation of the
deflected beam axis 357Contents 13
§111. Concepts of redundant unknown and base beam 359
1 112. Method of comparison of displacements 360
§113. Application of the theorems of Castigliano and Mohr and Vereshchagin's method 362
§ 114. solution of a simple statically Indeterminate frame 364
§ 1 (5. Analysis of continuous beams 366
1 116. The theorem of three moments 366
1 117. An example on application erf the theorem of three moments 372
§118. Continuous beams with cantilevers. Beams with rigidly fixed
ends 375
PART VII. Resistance Under Compound Loading
Chapter 20. Unsymmetrlc Bending 378
§ 119. Fundamental concepts 378
£ 120. Unsymmetrlc bending. Determination of stresses 379
§ 121. Determining displacements in unsymmetrlc bending 365
Chapter 21. Combined Bending and Tension or Compression 389
§ 122. Deflection of a beam subjected to axial and lateral forces 389
1 123. Eccentric tension or compression 392
§ 124. Core of section 396
Chapter 22. Combined bending and torsion 401
§ 125. Determination erf twisting and bending moments 401
§ 126. Determination of stresses and strength check In combined bending
and torsion 404
Chapter 23. General Compound Loading 408
§ 127. Stresses in a bar section subjected to general compound
loading 408
§ 128. Determination of normal stresses 410
1129. Determination of shearing stresses 413 130. Determination of displacements 414
131. Design of a simple crank rod 417
Chapter 24. Curved Bars 423
§ 132. General concepts 423
§ 133. Determination of bending moments and normal and shearing
forces 424
§ 134. Determination of stresses due to normal and shearing forces 420
§ 135. Determination of stresses due to bending moment 427
§ 136. Computation of the radius of curvature of the neutral layer in a
rectangular section 433
§ 137. Determination of the radius of curvature oi the neutral layer for
circle and trapezoid 434
§ 138. Determining the location of neutral layer from tables 436
§ 139. Analysis of the formula for normal stresses In a curved bat 436
§ 140. Additional remarks on the formula for normal stresses 439
§ 141. An example on determining stresses in a curved bar 441
1 142. Determination of displacements in curved bars 442
§ 143. Analysis of a circular ring 44514 Contents
Chapter 25. Thick-walled and Thin-walled Vessels 446
$ 144. Analysis of thick-walled cylinders 446
1 145. Stresses in thick spherical vessels 453
§ 146. Analysis of thin-walled vessels 454
Chapter 26. Design for Permissible toads. Design for Limiting States 467
§ 147. Design for permissible loads. Application to stattcally determinate systems 457
§ 146. Design or statically indeterminate systems under tension or
compression by the method of permissible loads 458
§ 149. Determination of limiting lifting capacity of a twisted rod 462
§ 150. Selecting beam section Tor permissible loads 465
1 151. Design of statically indeterminate beams for permissible loads.
The nindamentals. Analysis of a two-span beam 468
6 152. Analysis of a three-span beam 472
§ 153. Fundamentals of design by the method of limiting states 474
PART VIII. Stability of Clements of Structures
Chapter 27. Stability ot Ban Under Compression 477
§ 154. Introduction. Fundamentals of stability of shape of compressed
bars 477
6 155. Euler's formula for critical force 480
§ 156. Effect of constraining the bar ends 484
§ 157. Limits of applicability of Euler’s formula. Plotting of the diagram
of total critical stresses 488
§ 158. 'The stability check of compressed bars 494
§ 159. Selection of the type of section and material 498
§ 160. Practical importance of stability check 502
Chapter 28. More Complicated Questions of Stability in Elements of Structures 604
§ 161. Stability of plane surface in bending of beams 504
§ 162. Design of compressed-bent ban 512
§ 163. Effect of eccentric compressive force and initial curvature
of bar 517
PART IX. Dynamic Action of Forces
Chapter 29. Effect of Forces of Inertia. Stresses due to Vibrations 521
§ 164. Introduction 521
§ 165. Determining stresses in uniformly accelerated motion of
bodies 523
§ 166. Stresses In a rotating ring (flywheel rim) 524
§ 167. Stresses in connecting rods 525
$ 168. Rotating disc of uniform thickness 529
1 169. Disc o f uniform strength 533
§ 170. Effect of resonance on the magnitude of stresses 535
§ 171. Determination of stresses in elements subjected to vibration 536
§ 172. The effect of mass of the elastic system on vibrations 541
Chapter 30. Stresses Linder Impact Loading 548
§ 173. Fundamental concepts 548
§ 174. General method of determining stresses under impact loading 549Contents 15
§ 175. Concrete cases of determining stresses and conducting strength
checks under impact 5S4
$ 176. Impact stresses in a non-uniform bat 559
1177. Practical conclusions from tbe derived results 660 178. The effect of mass of the elastic system on impact 562
179. Impact testing for failure 565
180. Effect of various factors on the results of impact testing 568
Chapter 31. Strength Check of Materials Under Variable Loading 571
§ 181. Basic ideas concerning the effect of variable stresses on the -strength
of materials 571
§ 182. Cyclic stresses 573
§ 183. Strength condition under variable stresses 575
§ 184. Determination of endurance limit in a symmetrical cycle 576
1 185. Endurance limit in an unsymmetrlcsl cycle 579
1 186. Local stresses 682
§ 187. Effect of size of part and other factors on endurance limit 589
§ 188. Practical examples of failure undo: variable loading. Causes of
emergence and development of fatigue cracks 593
§ 189. Selection of permissible stresses 597
§ 190. Strength check under variable stresses and compound stressed
state 600
§ 191. Practical measures for preventing fatigue failure 602
Chapter 32. Fundamentals of Creep Analysis 605
§ 192. Effect of high temperatures on mechanical properties oi
metals 605
§ 193. Creep and after-effect 607
§ 194. Creep and after-effect curves 609
§ 195. Fundamentals of creep design 615
§ 196. Examples on creep design 620
Appendix 630
Name index 639
Subject index 641
x
Belelyubskii, N. A. 283
Beltrami, F 145
Belyaev, N. M. 5, 6, 7, 8, 26, 106, 148,
188, 207. 290, 479, 499, 520,
562. 565, 576
Benardos, N. N. 158
Bolotin, V. V. 520
Bubnov, I. G. 353
Castigliano. A. 340
Clapcyron, B. P. E. 335
Clebscb, R. F. A, 304
Coulomb, Ch. A. 140
Davidenkov, N. N. 148
Druzhinln, S. I. 144
Kachanov, L. M. 136, 620
Kachurin. V. K. 7
Karman, Th. 490
Kipnis, Ya. I. 8, ICO
Krylov, A. N. 305
Kurkin, S. A. 163
Kushelev, N. Yu. 8
Lam6, G. 138, 446
Loitsyanskii, L. G. 536
Lurye, A. I. 536
Malinin, N. N. 620
Mariotte, Ed. 138
Maxwell, J. C. 349
Mises, R. 145
Molir, O. 349
MQIlerEngesser, F. 490
Euler, L. 480
Pridman, Ya. B. 148
Forrest, P. G. 597
Gadoiin, A. V. 440, 446
Galileo Galilei 18
Goldenblat, I. 1. 520
Golovin, Kh. S. 440
Guest, J. J. 140
Navier, C. M. L. 138
Navrotskii, D. I. 160
Nikolaev, G. A. 163
Oding, I. A. 597
Ovechkin, G. 163
Pavlov, A. P. 163
Pirlet, 349
Poncelet, J. V. 138
Prigorovskii, N, I. 588
Puzyrevskii, N. P. 305
Hencky, H. 145
Huber, F. 145
Rankine, W. J. M. 138
Ivanova, V. S. 597
Saint-Venant, B. 139, 189
Serensen, $. V. 588, 597€40
Shtaerman, I. Ya. 96
Sinitskii, A. K 8
Slavyanov, N.G. 158
Smirnov-Alyacv, G. A. 584
Telelbaum, I. M. 588
Timoslienko, S. P. 5, 188, 508
Tresca, H. 140
Uzhik, G. V. 597
Name Index
Vereshchagin, A. N. 349
Vinokurov, V. A. 163
Vlasov, V. Z. 188
Vol’mir, A. S. 520
Yagn, Yu. 1. 144
Yasinskii, F. 490
Zhuravskii, D. I. 270Subject Index
absolute displacement 129
absolute elongation 33
active force 312
alter-effect 608
alternating cycle 573
amorphous material 21
amplification factor of vibrations 539
amplitude of vibrations 535
angle, twisting 169
angle of shear 129
anisotropic material 37, 56
axes of inertia, principal 251
axial compression 27
axial force 29
axial moment of inertia 233
axial tension 27
axis, neutral 227
barfs), compressibility of 559
curved 423
with large curvature 439
prismatic 27
rigidity of 34
with small curvature 439
beam, cantilever 213
continuous 366
critical section of 200
deflection of 292
equation of deflected axis of 293
fictitious 314
riveted 289
simply supported 207
statically determinate 199
statically indeterminate 199, 356
of uniform rigidity 329
of uniform strength 324, 558
welded 290
beam section, angle of rotation of 293
beam supports, reaction of 197
bending, pure 225
uni-platiar 256
unsymmetric 379
bending moment 203, 348
diagram of 204
biaxial stress 102
breaking away, failure by 101
breaking load 457
brittle failure, theory of 138
brittle material 41, 52
bulk modulus 123
butt joint 159
cable, flexible 92
cantilever beam 213
capacity, lifting 471
Castlgliano’s theorem 340
centre, flexural 387
characteristic cycle 574
circle, Mohr’s 110
moment of inertia of 240
Ciapcyron's theorem 335
coefficient, damping 539
dynamic 524
of dynamic response 60
of length 485
of operating conditions 475
of overloading 476
for production process 593
of reliability 475
of stress concentration 576
comparison of displacements 361
complementary shearing stresses 109
complex figure, moment of inertia of
245
component constant of cycle 574
component variable of cycle 574
composite stressed state 101
compound loading 378642 Subject Index
compressibility of bars 559
compression, axial 27
eccentric 392
compressive stress 101
concentrated force 19
condition, of joint deformation 67, 80,
360
of strength 30
conditional stress 41
conical spring 186
connecting rod 525
conservation of energy 331
constancy of volume 50
constant sign cycle 573
constant stress cycle 573
constraint, redundant 357
contact stress 105
continuous beam 366
continuous load, intensity of 206
core of section 396
crack, fatigue 572
creep 607
stable 610
unstable 610
creep curve 609
creep limit 617
critical force 478
critical section 86
critical stale, of material 63
critical stress 479
crushing of rivets 154
crystalline lattice 21
crystalline material 21
curved bar 423
cycle, alternating 573
characteristic 574
component constant of 574
constant sign 573
constant stress 573
fluctuating 573
mean stress of 574
of stress variation 573
zero base 573
cyclic stress 573
damage susceptibility curve 593
damping coefficient 539
dead weight 86
deflection of beam 292
deformation 21
elastic. 21. 37
lateral 36
local 488
plastic 21, 47
total energy of 126
design load 476
design moment 406
diagram, of bending moment 204
of reduced moment 472
of shearing forces 204
stress-strain 47
differentiation, successive 313
displacement, absolute 129
generalized 333
distortion, potential energy of, theory
146
distributed force 19
distribution, uniform 29
doublC'Shear rivet 153
ductile failure, theory of 140
ductile hinge 466
ductile material 41
dynamic coefficient 524
dynamic load 20
dynamic loading 521
dynamic response, coefficient of 60
dynamic stress 555
eccentric compression 392
eccentricity 392
eccentric tension 392
elastic deformation 21, 37
specific, work of 46
elasticity, limit of 23, 43
modulus of 34
elementary force 23
elongation, absolute 33
relative 33
relative residual 44
endurance limit 61, 62, 575
energy of deformation, total 126Subject Index 643
energy theory of strength 145
envelope 142
equal moments, method of 471
equation, of deflected axis 293
of method of initial parameters 305
of three moments 372
equatorial moment 233
Euler’s formula 482
externa) force 19
method of 344
factor of safety 24, 30
main 63, 64
factor of stress concentration 583
failure, by breaking away 101
due to shearing 101, 133
through rupture 132
fatigue 60, 572
fatigue crack 672, 594
fatigue limit 61
fictitious beam 314
fillet weld, joint with 162
fixed hinged support 197
fixed support 198
rigidly 198
flexibility 483
flexible cable 92
flexural centre 387
fluctuating cycle 573
force(s), active 312
axial 29
concentrated 19
critical 478
cumulative action of 335
distributed 19
external 19
method of 344
generalized 333
of interaction 19
normal 29
passive 312
of reaction 20
shearing 203
superposition of 83
volume 19
forced vibrations 535
formula, Saint-Venant’s 407
frame 351
free torsion 187
generalized displacement 333
generalized force 333
generalized Hooke’s law 335
graph-analytic method 313
helical spring 181
hinge, ductile 466
hinged support, fixed 197
movable 197
Hooke's law 33
generalized 335
hydrostatic load 455
impact load 20
impact test 565
initial parameters, method of 305
integration, successive 312
intensity of continuous load 206
interaction, force of 19
I-section 285
isotropic material 37
joint, butt 159
lapped 151
riveted 159
welded 159
with side fillet weld 162
joint deformation, condition of 67, 80,
360
lapped joint 151
lateral deformation 36
lattice, crystalline 21
law, Hooke’s 33
generalized 335
of complementary shearing stresses 109
conservation of energy 331
constancy of volume 50
of cumulative action of forces 335644 Subject Index
lifting capacity 471
limit, of elasticity 23, 43
endurance 61, 62, 575
of proportionality 41, 47
limiting states, first group 474
second group 474
limiting stress circle 139
load, breaking 457
continuous, intensity of 206
design 476
dynamic 20
hydrostatic 4%
impact 20
permanent 19
repeated variable 20
static 20
suddenly applied 20
temporary 19
ultimate 457
load area 214
load curve 214
local deformation 488
local stress 58, 61, 157, 576, 582, 583
long-term strength 618
less of stability 483
material, amorphous 21
anisotropic 35. 56
brittle 41, 52
critical state of 63
crystalline 21
ductile 41
isotropic 37
sensitivity factor of 585
strength of 18
maximum rigidity, plane of 386
maximum shearing stresses, theory of
140
maximum tensile stresses, theory of
138
Maxwell and Molir theorem 347
mean stress of cycle 574
method, of comparison of displacements
361
of equal moments 471
of external force 344
graph-analytic 313
of initial parameters 305
of superposition of forces 223
Vereshchagin's 349
modulus, bulk 123
of elasticity 34
reduced 490
tangential 490
section 236
Mohr’s circle 110
Mohr’s strength theory 141
moment, bending 203
design 406
equatorial 233
of section, static 232
static, about neutral axis 267
moment of ineria, axial 233
of circle 240
of complex figure 245
of parallelogram 240
polar 173, 250
principal 256
multiple-shear rivet 154
natural vibrations 535
net area 31
neutral axis 227
neutral layer 227
radius of curvature of 231
of trapezoid 435
normal force 29
normal stress 100
octahedral plane 120
octahedral shearing stress 121
operating conditions, coefficient of
476
overloading, coefficient of 47$
parallelogram, moment of inertia of
240
passive force 312
permanent load 19Subject Index 645
permissible stress 24
planc(s), of maximum rigidity 386
octahedral 120
principal 102
plane of inertia, principal 255
plastic deformation 21, 47
pliability 555
of structure, total 564
Poisson’s ratio 37
polar moment of inertia 173, 250
potential energy of distortion, theory of
146
principal axes of inertia 251
principal moment of inertia 256
principal plane 102
principal plane of inertia 255
principal radius of inertia 256
principal strcss(es) 102
trajectory of 282
shearing 120
principle of superposition of forces 83
prismatic bar 27
production process, coefficient for 593
product of inertia, of section 232, 247
proportionality,-limit of 41, 47
pure holding 225
pure shear 127
pure torsion 187
radius of curvature of neutral layer 231
radius of inertia 256
principal 256
reaction, of beam supports 197
force of 20
redundant 357
reciprocity of displacements, theorem of
347
reciprocity of works, theorem of 347
reduced mass 544
reduced modulus of elasticity 490
reduced moment, diagram of 472
reduced stress 147
reduction of area, permanent relative 45
redundant constraint 359
redundant reaction 359
redundant unknown 359
relative elongation 33
relative reduction of area, permanent
45
relative residual elongation 44
relative rigidity 36
relative shear 129
reliability, coefficient of 475
repeated variable load 20
reservoir, thin-walled 103
residual elongation, relative 44
resistance, to rupture 134
to shear 134
resonance 535
rigidity, of bar 34
maximum, plane of 386
relative 36
of system 550
torsional 177
rigidly fixed support 198
rivel(s), crushing of 154
double-shear 153
multiple-shear 154
riveted beam 289
riveted joint 159
rod, connecting 525
thin-walled 194
rupture, failure through 132
resistance to 134
theory of 138
rupture strain, total true 51
safety, factor of 24, 30
main factor of 63, 64
Saint-Venant’s formula 407
scale factor 590
section, of beam
critical 200
core of 396
critical 86
product of inertia of 232, 247
static moment of 232
section modulus 174 , 236
sensitivity factor of material 585
shear, angle of 129646 Subject Index
pure 127
relative 129
resistance to 134
theory of 140
shear centre 387
shear centre line 387
shearing, failure due to 101
modulus of elasticity for 131
shearing force{s) 204
diagram of 204
shearing stress(es) 100
complementary 109
maximum, theory of 140
octahedral 12!
principal 120
simply supported beam 207
span 92
specific work, of elastic deformation
46
total 46
spherical tensor 117
spring, conical 186
helical I8t
stability check 477
stable creep 610
state(s), composite stressed 101
limiting 474
statically determinate beam 199
statically indeterminate beam 199, 356
statically indeterminate problem 66
statically indeterminate system 66
static toad 20
static loading 60, 521
static moment, about neutral axis 267
of section 232
straight-line form, loss of stability of 483
strength, condition of 30
energy theory of 145
long-term 618
of materials 18
tensile, ultimate 30
theory of 136
true ultimate 51
ultimate 23, 43
strength endurance 575
in unsymmetrlc cycle 579
strength theory, first 138
fourth 146
of Mohr 141
second 139
third 140
stress, biaxial 102
compressive 101
conditional 41
contact 105
critical 479
of cycle, mean 574
cyclic 573
dynamic 555
local 58, 61, 157, 576, 582. 583
maximum shearing 140
maximum tensile 138
normal 100
permissible 24
principal 102
reduced 147
rupture, true 51
shearing 100
octahedral 121
principal 120
tensile 100
triaxial 103
uniaxial 102
variable 575
stress circle 111
limiiing 139
stress concentration, coefficient of 576
factor of 583
stress deviator 124
stress intensity 121
stressed state, composite 101
stress-strain diagram 47
stress tensor 117
stress variation, cycle of 573
structure, total pliability of 564
successive differentiation 313
successive integration 312
suddenly applied load 20
superposition of forces, method of 223
principle of 83
support, fixed 198
hinged, fixed 197Subject Index 647
movable 197
rigidly fixed 198
system, rigidity of 550
statically indeterminate 66
tangential modulus of elasticity 490
temporary load 19
tensile strength, ultimate 30
tensile stresses 100
maximum, theory of 138
tension, axial 27
eccentric 392
lest, impact 565
theorem, Castigllano's 340
Clapeyron’s 335
of Maxwell and Mohr 347
of reciprocity of displacements 347
of reciprocity of works 347
theory', of brittle failure 138
of ductile failure 140
of maximum tensile stresses 138
of maximum shearing stresses 140
of potential energy of distortion 146
of rupture 138
of shear 140
of strength 136
thin-walled reservoir 103
thin-walled rod 194
thin-walled vessel 454
three moments, equation of 372
torque 165
torsion, free 187
pure 187
torsional rigidity 177
total pliability of structure 564
total specific work 46
trajectory of principal stresses 282
trapezoid, neutral layer of 435
trlaxlai stress 103
true rupture strain, total 51
T -scction 243
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