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 |  موضوع: كتاب Handbook of Molded Part Shrinkage and Warpage الأحد 15 أبريل 2012, 4:39 pm | |
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Handbook of Molded Part Shrinkage and Warpage
ويتناول الموضوعات الأتية :
Introduction to Plastics Processing
Introduction
Interactivity Basics
Thermodynamic Principles Governing Injection Molding
Filling
Holding
Cooling
Shrinkage and Warpage
In-Mold Shrinkage
Determination of Shrinkage
Molded-in Stress
Warpage
Common Causes of Nonuniform Shrinkage
Principles of Minimizing Warpage
Post-Mold Shrinkage
Causes of Molded-Part Variation: Part Design
Wall Thickness
Ribs
Bosses
Example of Proper Part Design
Other Design Considerations
Causes of Molded-Part Variation: Material
Amorphous and Semicrystalline Resins
Amorphous Polymers
Semicrystalline Materials
Effects of Fillers, Reinforcements, Pigments, Time, and Stress
Effects of Fillers and Fibers
Minimizing the Effects of Fiber Reinforcements
Effects of Pigments
The Effects of Time and Stress on Dimensional Stability
Shrinkage Predictions: Using Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) Relationships
PVT System Properties
Predicting Mold Shrinkage
Predicting Mold Warpage
Accuracy of Shrinkage Predictions
Causes of Molded-Part Variation: Mold Design
Cavity Dimensions and Design Factors
Gate Types
Pin, Pinpoint, Tunnel, and Submarine Gates
Edge and Straight-Edge Gates
Fan Gates
Film, Diaphragm, and Ring Gates
Tab Gates
Multiple Gates
Gate Location
Side, End, and Center Gates
Determining Gate Position
Gate Size
Gate-Design Systems
Runner Design
Multiple-Cavity Molds
Ejection
Mold-Cooling Design
Cooling Channels
Effects of Corners
Thickness Variations
Runnerless Molds
Slides
Venting
Mold Construction Materials
Prototype Molding with SLA or Similar Type Molds
Pitfalls to Avoid
Causes of Molded-Part Variation: Processing
Molding Conditions
Injection Melt Temperature
Injection Rate and Pressure
Injection Speed
Injection Pressure
Holding Pressure and Time
Holding Pressure
Holding-Pressure Time
Mold Temperature
Predicting Mold Temperature Effects
Relationship Between Mold Temperature and Shrinkage
Relationship Between Wall Thickness and Shrinkage
Demolding Temperature
Molded-In Stresses
Other Molding Processes
Lost Core Process
Gas Assist Processing
Foaming
Shrinkage of Gas-Assisted Processes
Factors Affecting Post-Mold Shrinkage and Warpage
Effects of Temperature on Dimensions
Effects of Moisture on Dimensions
Creep
Controlling Mold and Post-Mold Shrinkage and Warpage
Finding the Cause
Processing Considerations
Melt Temperatures and Uniformity
Mold Temperatures and Uniformity
Filling, Packing, and Holding Pressures
Filling, Packing, and Holding Times
Part Temperature at Ejection
Clamp Tonnage
Post-Mold Fixturing and Annealing
Special Problems With Thick Walls and Sink Marks
Nozzles
Excessive or Insufficient Shrinkage
Secondary Machining
Quality Control
Material Considerations
Filler or Reinforcement Content
Degree of Liquid Absorption
Regrind
Tooling Considerations
Gate Locations
Types and Sizes of Gates
Runner Systems
Mold-Cooling Layout
Tool Tolerances
Draft Angles
Ejection-System Design
Elastic Deformation of a Mold
Mold Wear
Mold Contamination
Position Deviations of Movable Mold Components
Special Issues With Gears
Part Geometry
Overall Part Dimensions
Wall Thickness
Shrinkage-Restricting Features
Controlling Warpage
Computer-Aided Analysis
Capabilities of CAA
Limitations of CAA
Selecting a CAA Program
Customer Requirements
Management Tools
Filling Analysis
Packing and Holding Simulation
Shrinkage/Warpage Simulation
Cooling Analysis
Costs
Conclusions
Case Studies
Unexpected Housing Shrink
Changing Materials Triggers Warpage
Creep in a Water Heater Stand
Oversize Part Injection-Molding Alkyd Thermoset
Inadequate Baby Dish Mold
Gas Entrapment in Baby Dish Mold
Warpage in a Molded Spool
Daisy-Wheel Breakage
PVC Part-Flashing Problems
Polycarbonate Switch Failure
Square Poker Chip Tray, Inadequate Shot Size
Problem Ejecting Square Poker Chips
Military Cup Material “Shrinkage”
Core-Deflection Problems
Elevator Gib Warpage
Sucker-Rod Guide Brittleness
Bottle-Cap Thread Distortion
Plastic Post Creep
Excessive Shrinkage of Glass-Filled Nylon
Preventing Warpage in Thin Molded Lids
Data
Unfilled Materials
Effects of Fillers
Shrinkage vs Various Parameters
Shrinkage vs Injection Temperature
Shrinkage vs Melt Temperature
Shrinkage vs Mold Temperature
Shrinkage vs Density (Polyethylene)
Shrinkage vs Holding Pressure
Shrinkage vs Thickness
Moisture Absorption Curves
Pressure Volume Temperature (PVT) Curves
Shrinkage and Warpage of Molded Disks
Angular Warpage
General Shrinkage Characteristics for Various Plastics
Material-Specific Shrinkage Characteristics
Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) (Crastin®) (DuPont)
Polyoxymethylene: Acetal (POM) (Delrin® ) (DuPont)
Polycarbonate (PC)
Polyphenylene Sulfide (Fortron®) (PPS)
Thermoplastic Elastomer Ether Ester Block Copolymer (TEEE) (Hytrel®) (DuPont)
Polypropylene (PP)
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) (Rynite®) (DuPont)
Polyetherimide (PEI) (Ultem®) (GE Plastics)
Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) (Zenite®) (DuPont)
Polyamide: Nylon (PA) (Zytel®) (DuPont)
Appendix A: Conversion Factors and Equivalents
Appendix B: Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Material Names
B Abbreviations and Acronyms
B Material Names
Glossary
References and Bibliography
References (cited in text)
Bibliography
General References
Index
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Admin
مدير المنتدى
عدد المساهمات : 18992
التقييم : 35482
تاريخ التسجيل : 01/07/2009
الدولة : مصر
العمل : مدير منتدى هندسة الإنتاج والتصميم الميكانيكى
| | موضوع: رد: كتاب Handbook of Molded Part Shrinkage and Warpage الخميس 03 يناير 2013, 11:18 pm | |
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