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Fundamentals of Machine Component Design 4th Solution Manual
ROBERT C. JUVINALL
Professor of Mechanical Engineering
University of Michigan
KURT M. MARSHEK
Professor of Mechanical Engineering
University of Texas at Austin
ويتناول الموضوعات الأتية :
PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS, 1
Chapter 1 Mechanical Engineering Design in Broad
Perspective, 3
1.1 An Overview of the Subject, 3
1.2 Safety Considerations, 4
1.3 Ecological Considerations, 10
1.4 Societal Considerations, 11
1.5 Overall Design Considerations, 14
1.6 Systems of Units, 15
1.7 Methodology for Solving Machine Component
Problems, 19
1.8 Work and Energy, 21
1.9 Power, 23
1.10 Conservation of Energy, 24
Chapter 2 Load Analysis, 45
2.1 Introduction, 45
2.2 Equilibrium Equations and Free-Body Diagrams, 45
2.3 Beam Loading, 57
2.4 Locating Critical Sections—Force Flow Concept, 60
2.5 Load Division Between Redundant Supports, 62
2.6 Force Flow Concept Applied to Redundant Ductile
Structures, 64
Chapter 3 Materials, 89
3.1 Introduction, 89
3.2 The Static Tensile Test—“Engineering” Stress–Strain
Relationships, 90
3.3 Implications of the “Engineering” Stress–Strain
Curve, 91
3.4 The Static Tensile Test—“True” Stress–Strain
Relationships, 94
3.5 Energy-Absorbing Capacity, 96
3.6 Estimating Strength Properties from Penetration
Hardness Tests, 97
3.7 Use of “Handbook” Data for Material Strength
Properties, 100
3.8 Machinability, 101
3.9 Cast Iron, 101
3.10 Steel, 102
3.11 Nonferrous Alloys, 105
3.12 Plastics and Composites, 106
3.13 Materials Selection Charts, 112
3.14 Engineering Material Selection Process, 116
Chapter 4 Static Body Stresses, 131
4.1 Introduction, 131
4.2 Axial Loading, 131
4.3 Direct Shear Loading, 133
4.4 Torsional Loading, 135
4.5 Pure Bending Loading, Straight Beams, 137
4.6 Pure Bending Loading, Curved Beams, 138
4.7 Transverse Shear Loading in Beams, 144
4.8 Induced Stresses, Mohr Circle Representation, 150
4.9 Combined Stresses—Mohr Circle Representation, 153
4.10 Stress Equations Related to Mohr’s Circle, 156
4.11 Three-Dimensional Stresses, 158
4.12 Stress Concentration Factors, Kt, 162
4.13 Importance of Stress Concentration, 165
4.14 Residual Stresses Caused by Yielding—Axial Loading, 167
4.15 Residual Stresses Caused by Yielding—Bending and
Torsional Loading, 171
4.16 Thermal Stresses, 173
4.17 Importance of Residual Stresses, 176
Chapter 5 Elastic Strain, Deflection, and Stability, 194
5.1 Introduction, 194
5.2 Strain Definition, Measurement, and Mohr Circle
Representation, 195
5.3 Analysis of Strain—Equiangular Rosettes, 197
5.4 Analysis of Strain—Rectangular Rosettes, 199
5.5 Elastic Stress–Strain Relationships and Three-Dimensional
Mohr Circles, 202
5.6 Deflection and Spring Rate—Simple Cases, 204
5.7 Beam Deflection, 206
5.8 Determining Elastic Deflections by Castigliano’s
Method, 209
5.9 Redundant Reactions by Castigliano’s Method, 222
5.10 Euler Column Buckling—Elastic Instability, 227
5.11 Effective Column Length for Various End Conditions, 229
5.12 Column Design Equations—J. B. Johnson Parabola, 230
5.13 Eccentric Column Loading—the Secant Formula, 234
5.14 Equivalent Column Stresses, 236
5.15 Other Types of Buckling, 236
5.16 Finite Element Analysis, 238
Chapter 6 Failure Theories, Safety Factors, and
Reliability, 248
6.1 Introduction, 248
6.2 Types of Failure, 250
6.3 Fracture Mechanics—Basic Concepts, 251
6.4 Fracture Mechanics—Applications, 253
6.5 The “Theory” of Static Failure Theories, 263
6.6 Maximum-Normal-Stress Theory, 265
6.7 Maximum-Shear-Stress Theory, 265
6.8 Maximum-Distortion-Energy Theory (MaximumOctahedral-Shear-Stress Theory), 266
6.9 Mohr Theory and Modified Mohr Theory, 269
6.10 Selection and Use of Failure Theories, 270
6.11 Safety Factors—Concept and Definition, 272
6.12 Safety Factors—Selection of a Numerical Value, 274
6.13 Reliability, 276
6.14 Normal Distributions, 278
6.15 Interference Theory of Reliability Prediction, 280
Chapter 7 Impact, 288
7.1 Introduction, 288
7.2 Stress and Deflection Caused by Linear and Bending
Impact, 290
7.3 Stress and Deflection Caused by Torsional Impact, 298
7.4 Effect of Stress Raisers on Impact Strength, 301
Chapter 8 Fatigue, 312
8.1 Introduction, 312
8.2 Basic Concepts, 312
8.3 Standard Fatigue Strengths ( ) for Rotating Bending, 314
8.4 Fatigue Strengths for Reversed Bending and Reversed
Axial Loading, 320
8.5 Fatigue Strength for Reversed Torsional Loading, 321
8.6 Fatigue Strength for Reversed Biaxial Loading, 322
8.7 Influence of Surface and Size on Fatigue Strength, 323
8.8 Summary of Estimated Fatigue Strengths for Completely
Reversed Loading, 326
8.9 Effect of Mean Stress on Fatigue Strength, 326
8.10 Effect of Stress Concentration with Completely Reversed
Fatigue Loading, 334
8.11 Effect of Stress Concentration with Mean Plus
Alternating Loads, 337
8.12 Fatigue Life Prediction with Randomly Varying
Loads, 344
8.13 Effect of Surface Treatments on the Fatigue Strength of a
Part, 348
8.14 Mechanical Surface Treatments—Shot Peening and
Others, 350
8.15 Thermal and Chemical Surface-Hardening Treatments
(Induction Hardening, Carburizing, and Others), 351
8.16 Fatigue Crack Growth, 351
8.17 General Approach for Fatigue Design, 356
Chapter 9 Surface Damage, 372
9.1 Introduction, 372
9.2 Corrosion: Fundamentals, 372
9.3 Corrosion: Electrode and Electrolyte Heterogeneity, 375
Sœ
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9.4 Design for Corrosion Control, 376
9.5 Corrosion Plus Static Stress, 380
9.6 Corrosion Plus Cyclic Stress, 383
9.7 Cavitation Damage, 384
9.8 Types of Wear, 384
9.9 Adhesive Wear, 385
9.10 Abrasive Wear, 387
9.11 Fretting, 388
9.12 Analytical Approach to Wear, 389
9.13 Curved-Surface Contact Stresses, 392
9.14 Surface Fatigue Failures, 399
9.15 Closure, 401
PART 2 APPLICATIONS, 409
Chapter 10 Threaded Fasteners and Power Screws, 411
10.1 Introduction, 411
10.2 Thread Forms, Terminology, and Standards, 412
10.3 Power Screws, 417
10.4 Static Screw Stresses, 425
10.5 Threaded Fastener Types, 430
10.6 Fastener Materials and Methods of Manufacture, 432
10.7 Bolt Tightening and Initial Tension, 432
10.8 Thread Loosening and Thread Locking, 437
10.9 Bolt Tension with External Joint-Separating Force, 439
10.10 Bolt (or Screw) Selection for Static Loading, 444
10.11 Bolt (or Screw) Selection for Fatigue Loading:
Fundamentals, 451
10.12 Bolt Selection for Fatigue Loading: Using Special Test
Data, 458
10.13 Increasing Bolted-Joint Fatigue Strength, 461
Chapter 11 Rivets, Welding, and Bonding, 472
11.1 Introduction, 472
11.2 Rivets, 472
11.3 Welding Processes, 474
11.4 Welded Joints Subjected to Static Axial and Direct Shear
Loading, 478
11.5 Welded Joints Subjected to Static Torsional and Bending
Loading, 481
11.6 Fatigue Considerations in Welded Joints, 486
11.7 Brazing and Soldering, 489
11.8 Adhesives, 489
Chapter 12 Springs, 497
12.1 Introduction, 497
12.2 Torsion Bar Springs, 497
12.3 Coil Spring Stress and Deflection Equations, 498
12.4 Stress and Strength Analysis for Helical Compression
Springs—Static Loading, 504
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Contents xi
12.5 End Designs of Helical Compression Springs, 507
12.6 Buckling Analysis of Helical Compression Springs, 508
12.7 Design Procedure for Helical Compression Springs—Static
Loading, 509
12.8 Design of Helical Compression Springs for Fatigue
Loading, 513
12.9 Helical Extension Springs, 521
12.10 Beam Springs (Including Leaf Springs), 522
12.11 Torsion Springs, 528
12.12 Miscellaneous Springs, 529
Chapter 13 Lubrication and Sliding Bearings, 546
13.1 Types of Lubricants, 546
13.2 Types of Sliding Bearings, 546
13.3 Types of Lubrication, 547
13.4 Basic Concepts of Hydrodynamic Lubrication, 548
13.5 Viscosity, 550
13.6 Temperature and Pressure Effects on Viscosity, 555
13.7 Petroff’s Equation for Bearing Friction, 555
13.8 Hydrodynamic Lubrication Theory, 557
13.9 Design Charts for Hydrodynamic Bearings, 561
13.10 Lubricant Supply, 568
13.11 Heat Dissipation and Equilibrium Oil Film Temperature, 571
13.12 Bearing Materials, 572
13.13 Hydrodynamic Bearing Design, 573
13.14 Boundary and Mixed-Film Lubrication, 579
13.15 Thrust Bearings, 581
13.16 Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication, 582
Chapter 14 Rolling-Element Bearings, 587
14.1 Comparison of Alternative Means for Supporting Rotating
Shafts, 587
14.2 History of Rolling-Element Bearings, 591
14.3 Rolling-Element Bearing Types, 592
14.4 Design of Rolling-Element Bearings, 596
14.5 Fitting of Rolling-Element Bearings, 600
14.6 “Catalogue Information” for Rolling-Element Bearings, 601
14.7 Bearing Selection, 604
14.8 Mounting Bearings to Provide Properly for
Thrust Load, 614
Chapter 15 Spur Gears, 620
15.1 Introduction and History, 620
15.2 Geometry and Nomenclature, 621
15.3 Interference and Contact Ratio, 629
15.4 Gear Force Analysis, 634
15.5 Gear-Tooth Strength, 637
15.6 Basic Analysis of Gear-Tooth-Bending Stress
(Lewis Equation), 638
15.7 Refined Analysis of Gear-Tooth-Bending Strength: Basic
Concepts, 640
15.8 Refined Analysis of Gear-Tooth-Bending Strength:
Recommended Procedure, 642
15.9 Gear-Tooth Surface Durability—Basic
Concepts, 648
15.10 Gear-Tooth Surface Fatigue Analysis—Recommended
Procedure, 651
15.11 Spur Gear Design Procedures, 656
15.12 Gear Materials, 661
15.13 Gear Trains, 661
Chapter 16 Helical, Bevel, and Worm Gears, 675
16.1 Introduction, 675
16.2 Helical-Gear Geometry and Nomenclature, 678
16.3 Helical-Gear Force Analysis, 681
16.4 Helical-Gear-Tooth-Bending and Surface Fatigue
Strengths, 684
16.5 Crossed Helical Gears, 685
16.6 Bevel Gear Geometry and Nomenclature, 686
16.7 Bevel Gear Force Analysis, 688
16.8 Bevel Gear-Tooth-Bending and Surface Fatigue
Strengths, 690
16.9 Bevel Gear Trains; Differential Gears, 692
16.10 Worm Gear Geometry and Nomenclature, 694
16.11 Worm Gear Force and Efficiency Analysis, 696
16.12 Worm-Gear-Bending and Surface Fatigue
Strengths, 701
16.13 Worm Gear Thermal Capacity, 703
Chapter 17 Shafts and Associated Parts, 716
17.1 Introduction, 716
17.2 Provision for Shaft Bearings, 717
17.3 Mounting Parts onto Rotating Shafts, 717
17.4 Rotating-Shaft Dynamics, 720
17.5 Overall Shaft Design, 725
17.6 Keys, Pins, and Splines, 730
17.7 Couplings and Universal Joints, 732
Chapter 18 Clutches and Brakes, 746
18.1 Introduction, 746
18.2 Disk Clutches, 746
18.3 Disk Brakes, 752
18.4 Energy Absorption and Cooling, 753
18.5 Cone Clutches and Brakes, 755
18.6 Short-Shoe Drum Brakes, 756
18.7 Exernal Long-Shoe Drum Brakes, 760
18.8 Internal Long-Shoe Drum Brakes, 767
18.9 Band Brakes, 769
18.10 Materials, 772
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xii Contents
C-4b Typical Uses of Plain Carbon Steels, 824
C-5a Properties of Some Water-Quenched and Tempered
Steels, 825
C-5b Properties of Some Oil-Quenched and Tempered Carbon
Steels, 826
C-5c Properties of Some Oil-Quenched and Tempered Alloy
Steels, 827
C-6 Effect of Mass on Strength Properties of Steel, 828
C-7 Mechanical Properties of Some Carburizing
Steels, 829
C-8 Mechanical Properties of Some Wrought Stainless
Steels, 830
C-9 Mechanical Properties of Some Iron-Based
Superalloys, 831
C-10 Mechanical Properties, Characteristics, and Typical Uses of
Some Wrought Aluminum Alloys, 832
C-11 Tensile Properties, Characteristics, and Typical Uses of
Some Cast-Aluminum Alloys, 833
C-12 Temper Designations for Aluminum and Magnesium
Alloys, 834
C-13 Mechanical Properties of Some Copper Alloys, 835
C-14 Mechanical Properties of Some Magnesium Alloys, 836
C-15 Mechanical Properties of Some Nickel Alloys, 837
C-16 Mechanical Properties of Some Wrought-Titanium
Alloys, 838
C-17 Mechanical Properties of Some Zinc Casting Alloys, 839
C-18a Representative Mechanical Properties of Some Common
Plastics, 840
C-18b Properties of Some Common Glass-Reinforced and
Unreinforced Thermoplastic Resins, 841
C-18c Typical Applications of Common Plastics, 842
C-19 Material Classes and Selected Members of Each Class, 843
C-20 Designer’s Subset of Engineering Materials, 844
C-21 Processing Methods Used Most Frequently with Different
Materials, 845
C-22 Joinability of Materials, 846
C-23 Materials for Machine Components, 847
C-24 Relations Between Failure Modes and Material
Properties, 849
Appendix D Shear, Moment, and Deflection Equations
for Beams, 850
D-1 Cantilever Beams, 850
D-2 Simply Supported Beams, 851
D-3 Beams with Fixed Ends, 853
Appendix E Fits and Tolerances, 854
E-1 Fits and Tolerances for Holes and Shafts, 854
E-2 Standard Tolerances for Cylindrical Parts, 855
E-3 Tolerance Grades Produced from Machining
Processes, 856
Chapter 19 Miscellaneous Machine Components, 782
19.1 Introduction, 782
19.2 Flat Belts, 783
19.3 V-Belts, 785
19.4 Toothed Belts, 789
19.5 Roller Chains, 789
19.6 Inverted-Tooth Chains, 792
19.7 History of Hydrodynamic Drives, 793
19.8 Fluid Couplings, 794
19.9 Hydrodynamic Torque Converters, 798
Chapter 20 Machine Component Interrelationships—
A Case Study (web-based chapter)
(www.wiley.com/college/juvinall), 20-1
20.1 Introduction, 20-1
20.2 Description of Original Hydra-Matic Transmission, 20-2
20.3 Free-Body Diagram Determination of Gear Ratios and
Component Loads, 20-5
20.4 Gear Design Considerations, 20-9
20.5 Brake and Clutch Design Considerations, 20-10
20.6 Miscellaneous Design Considerations, 20-11
Appendix A Units, 807
A-1a Conversion Factors for British Gravitational, English, and
SI Units, 807
A-1b Conversion Factor Equalities Listed by Physical
Quantity, 808
A-2a Standard SI Prefixes, 810
A-2b SI Units and Symbols, 811
A-3 Suggested SI Prefixes for Stress Calculations, 812
A-4 Suggested SI Prefixes for Linear-Deflection
Calculations, 812
A-5 Suggested SI Prefixes for Angular-Deflection
Calculations, 812
Appendix B Properties of Sections and Solids, 813
B-1a Properties of Sections, 813
B-1b Dimensions and Properties of Steel Pipe and Tubing
Sections, 814
B-2 Mass and Mass Moments of Inertia of Homogeneous
Solids, 816
Appendix C Material Properties and Uses, 817
C-1 Physical Properties of Common Metals, 817
C-2 Tensile Properties of Some Metals, 818
C-3a Typical Mechanical Properties and Uses of Gray Cast
Iron, 819
C-3b Mechanical Properties and Typical Uses of Malleable
Cast Iron, 820
C-3c Average Mechanical Properties and Typical Uses of Ductile
(Nodular) Iron, 821
C-4a Mechanical Properties of Selected Carbon and Alloy
Steels, 822
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Contents xiii
Appendix F MIL-HDBK-5J, Department of Defense
Handbook: Metallic Materials and Elements
for Aerospace Vehicle Structures, 857
F-1 Introduction, 857
F-2 Overview of Data in MIL-HDBK-5J, 857
F-3 Advanced Formulas and Concepts Used in
MIL-HDBK-5J, 859
F-4 Mechanical and Physical Properties of 2024 Aluminum
Alloy, 864
F-5 Fracture Toughness and Other Miscellaneous
Properties, 869
F-6 Conclusion 873
Appendix G Force Equilibrium: A Vectorial Approach, 874
G-1 Vectors: A Review, 874
G-2 Force and Momments Equilibrium, 875
Appendix H Normal Distributions, 878
H-1 Standard Normal Distribution Table, 878
H-2 Converting to Standard Normal Distribution, 881
H-3 Linear Combination of Normal Distributions, 881
Appendix I S-N Formula, 883
I-1 S-N Formula, 883
I-2 Illustrative Example, 884
Appendix J Gear Terminology and Contact-Ratio
Analysis, 885
J-1 Normal Spur-Gear Quantities, 885
J-2 Actual Quantities, 887
J-3 Illustrative Example, 888
Index
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