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 |  موضوع: كتاب Advanced Carbon Materials and Technology الثلاثاء 08 يناير 2019, 11:03 pm | |
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أخوانى فى الله
أحضرت لكم كتاب
Advanced Carbon Materials and Technology
Ashutosh Tiwari and S.K. Shukla
من سلسلة علم المواد المتقدمة
Advanced Material Series
ويتناول الموضوعات الأتية :
Contents
Preface xiii
Part 1 Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes and Fullerenes 1
1 Synthesis, Characterization and Functionalization
of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene: A Glimpse
of Their Application 3
Mahe Talat and O.N. Srivastava
1.1 Introduction 4
1.2 Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes 5
1.3 Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene 11
1.3.1 Micromechanical Cleavage of Highly
Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite 11
1.3.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth
of Graphene either as Stand Alone
or on Substrate 11
1.3.3 Chemical and Thermal Exfoliation
of Graphite Oxide 13
1.3.4 Arc-Discharge Method 14
1.4 Methods Used in Our Lab: CVD, Thermal Exfoliation,
Arc Discharge and Chemical Reduction 14
1.4.1 Raman Spectra 16
1.4.2 Electrochemical Exfoliation 18
1.5 Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene 19
1.5.1 Covalent Functionalization 20
1.5.2 Non-Covalent Functionalization 21
1.5.3 FTIR Analysis of CNTs and FCNTs 23
1.6 Applications 24
1.7 Conclusion 29
Acknowledgements 29
References 30vi Contents
2 Surface Modification of Graphene 35
Tapas Kuila, Priyabrata Banerjee and
Naresh Chandra Murmu
2.1 Introduction 36
2.2 Surface-Modified Graphene from GO 39
2.2.1 Covalent Surface Modification 39
2.2.2 Non-covalent Surface Modification 60
2.3 Application of Surface-Modified Graphene 70
2.3.1 Polymer Composites 71
2.3.2 Sensors 72
2.3.3 Drug Delivery System 73
2.3.4 Lubricants 73
2.3.5 Nanofluids 74
2.3.6 Supercapacitor 75
2.4 Conclusions and Future Directions of Research 75
Acknowledgement 77
References 77
3 Graphene and Carbon Nanotube-based Electrochemical
Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring 87
G. Alarcon-Angeles, G.A. ?lvarez-Romero and
A. Merkoçi
3.1 Introduction 88
3.1.1 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) 88
3.1.2 Graphene (GR) 91
3.1.3 Electrochemical Sensors 93
3.1.4 Sensors and Biosensors Based on CNT and GR 94
3.2 Applications of Electrochemical Biosensors 97
3.2.1 Heavy Metals 97
3.2.2 Phenols 103
3.2.3 Pesticides 109
3.3 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 121
References 121
4 Catalytic Application of Carbon-based Nanostructured
Materials on Hydrogen Sorption Behavior of
Light Metal Hydrides 129
Rohit R Shahi and O.N. Srivastava
4.1 Introduction 130
4.2 Different Carbon Allotropes 133Contents vii
4.3 Carbon Nanomaterials as Catalyst for Different
Storage Materials 135
4.4 Key Results with MgH2, NaAlH4 and
Li-Mg-N-H Systems 137
4.4.1 Magnesium Hydride 137
4.4.2 Sodium Alanate 148
4.4.3 Amides/Imides 157
4.5 Summary 164
Acknowledgements 165
References 165
5 Carbon Nanotubes and Their Applications 173
Mohan Raja and J. Subha
5.1 Introduction 173
5.2 Carbon Nanotubes Structure 174
5.3 Carbon Nanotube Physical Properties 176
5.4 Carbon Nanotube Synthesis and Processing 177
5.5 Carbon Nanotube Surface Modification 178
5.6 Applications of Carbon Nanotubes 179
5.6.1 Composite Materials 179
5.6.2 Nano Coatings – Antimicrobials and
Microelectronics 182
5.6.3 Biosensors 184
5.6.4 Energy Storages 185
5.7 Conclusion 187
References 187
6 Bioimpact of Carbon Nanomaterials 193
A. Djordjevic, R. Injac, D. Jovic, J. Mrdjanovic
and M. Seke
6.1 Biologically Active Fullerene Derivatives 194
6.1.1 Introduction 194
6.1.2 Functionalization/Derivatization of
Fullerene C
60 196
6.1.3 Biological Activity of Non-Derivatized
Fullerene C
60 196
6.1.4 Biological Activity of Derivatized
Fullerene C
60 197
6.1.5 Chemical Synthesis of Fullerenol C60(OH)n 201
6.1.6 Fullerenol and Biosystems 202viii Contents
6.2 Biologically Active Graphene Materials 219
6.2.1 Chemical Synthesis and Characterization
of Important Biologically Active
Graphene Materials 219
6.2.2 Biologically Active Graphene Materials 222
6.3 Bioimpact of Carbon Nanotubes 230
6.3.1 Introduction 230
6.3.2 Properties of CNTs 231
6.3.3 Classification of CNTs 231
6.3.4 Synthesis of CNTs 231
6.3.5 Functionalization of CNTs 232
6.3.6 Drug (Molecule/Gene/Antibody) Delivery,
Targeting, Drug Release 232
6.3.7 Toxicity 236
6.3.8 The Fate of CNTs 237
6.4 Genotoxicity of Carbon Nanomaterials 238
6.4.1 Genotoxicity of Graphene in In Vitro
and In Vivo Models 239
6.4.2 Genotoxicity of SWNT and MWNT 242
6.4.3 Genotoxicity of Polyhydroxylated
Fullerene Derivatives 244
6.4.4 Conclusion 246
6.5 Ecotoxicological Effects of Carbon Nanomaterials 247
References 251
Part 2 Composite Materials 273
7 Advanced Optical Materials Modified with
Carbon Nano-Objects 275
Natalia V. Kamanina
7.1 Introduction 275
7.2 Photorefractive Features of the Organic Materials
with Carbon Nanoparticles 279
7.3 Homeotropic Alignment of the Nematic
Liquid Crystals Using Carbon Nanotubes 297
7.4 Thin Film Polarization Elements and Their
Nanostructurization via CNTs 303
7.5 Spectral and Mechanical Properties of the Inorganic
Materials via CNTs Application 307Contents ix
7.6 Conclusion 310
Acknowledgments 311
References 312
8 Covalent and Non-Covalent Functionalization of
Carbon Nanotubes 317
Tawfik A. Saleh and Vinod K. Gupta
8.1 Introduction 317
8.2 Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes 318
8.3 Covalent Functionalization 318
8.4 Non-Covalent Functionalization 320
8.5 Functionalization of CNT with Nanoparticles 320
8.5.1 Applications of the CNT-Based
Nanocomposites 324
8.5.2 Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts 324
8.5.3 Nanocomposites as Adsorbents 325
8.6 Conclusion 326
Acknowledgment 327
References 327
9 Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Reinforced
with Carbon Nanotubes 331
Praveennath G. Koppad, Vikas Kumar Singh,
C.S. Ramesh, Ravikiran G. Koppad and K.T. Kashyap
9.1 Introduction 332
9.2 Carbon Nanotubes 333
9.3 Processing and Microstructural Characterization
of Metal Matrix Nanocomposites 338
9.3.1 Powder Metallurgy 339
9.3.2 Electroless and Electrodeposition Techniques 343
9.3.3 Spray Forming 346
9.3.4 Liquid Metallurgy 349
9.3.5 Other Techniques 350
9.4 Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube
Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites 353
9.4.1 CNT/Al Nanocomposites 353
9.4.2 CNT/Cu Nanocomposites 356
9.4.3 CNT/Mg Nanocomposites 359
9.4.4 CNT/Ti Nanocomposites 360x Contents
9.5 Strengthening Mechanisms 361
9.6 Thermal Properties of Carbon Nanotube
Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites 363
9.7 Tribological Properties of Carbon Nanotube
Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites 366
9.8 Challenges 368
9.9 Concluding Remarks 371
References 371
Part 3 Fly Ash Engineering and Cryogels 377
10 Aluminum/Fly Ash Syntactic Foams: Synthesis,
Microstructure and Properties 379
Dung D. Luong, Nikhil Gupta and Pradeep K. Rohatgi
10.1 Introduction 380
10.2 Hollow Particles 382
10.2.1 Fly Ash Cenospheres 382
10.2.2 Engineered Hollow Particles 384
10.3 Synthesis Methods 388
10.3.1 Stir Mixing 388
10.3.2 Infiltration Methods 389
10.3.3 Comparison of Synthesis Methods 391
10.4 Microstructure of Aluminum/Fly Ash Composites 393
10.5 Properties of Aluminum/Fly Ash Syntactic Foams 398
10.6 Applications 409
10.7 Conclusion 411
Acknowledgments 412
References 412
11 Engineering Behavior of Ash Fills 419
Ashutosh Trivedi
11.1 Background 420
11.1.1 Physico-Chemical Characterization 420
11.1.2 Engineering Characteristics 421
11.2 Engineering Evaluation of Cemented
Ash Fill 439
11.2.1 Measurement of Cemented Ash
Characteristics: Application of RQD 439
11.2.2 Concept of Strength Ratio and
Modulus Ratio 440Contents xi
11.2.3 Evaluation of Joint Parameters 442
11.2.4 Relationship of RQD and Joint Parameters 443
11.2.5 Steps to Obtain Deformations from the
Present Technique 444
11.3 Problems of Uncemented Ash Fill 446
11.3.1 Collapse, Piping and Erosion, Liquefaction 446
11.3.2 Collapse Behavior of Ash Fills 448
11.4 Ash as a Structural Fill 453
11.4.1 Penetration Test 454
11.4.2 Load Test 455
11.4.3 Test Setup for Ash Fills and Testing
Technique 457
11.4.4 Bearing Capacity of Ash Fill 460
11.4.5 Settlement of Ash Fills by PLT 463
11.4.6 Settlement on Ash Fills by PLT, CPT and SPT 464
11.4.7 Settlement of Footings on Ash Deposit 466
11.5 Conclusions 470
Salutations, Acknowledgement and Disclaimer 470
References 471
12 Carbon-Doped Cryogel Thin Films Derived
from Resorcinol Formaldehyde 475
Z. Markovic ´, D. Kleut, B. Babic ´, I. Holclajtner-Antunovic ´,
V. Pavlovic ´ and B. Todorovic ´-Markovic ´
12.1 Introduction 476
12.2 Experimental Procedure 476
12.3 Results and Discussion 477
12.3.1 FTIR Analysis 477
12.3.2 Raman Analysis 478
12.3.3 Surface Morphology of Carbon-Doped RF
Cryogel Thin Films 481
12.4 Conclusion 483
Acknowledgements 484
References 484
Index 48
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