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 |  موضوع: رسالة ماجستير بعنوان Aerodynamic Analysis and Design of a Car for the Shell Eco Marathon السبت 10 أكتوبر 2020, 12:29 am | |
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أحضرت لكم رسالة ماجستير بعنوان
Aerodynamic Analysis and Design of a Car for the Shell Eco Marathon
Daniel Fiuza Dosil
Master's Thesis Project, June 2016
Thermal Energy and Process Engineering
Nomenclature
Abbreviations
Abbreviation Explanation
AAU Aalborg University
و المحتوى كما يلي :
BR Blockage Ratio
CAD Computer Aided Design
CCD Charge Coupled Device
CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
DES Detached Eddy Simulation
LES Large Eddie Simulation
PM Particulate Matter
PDE Partial Dierential Equation
PIV Particle Image Visualization
RANS Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes
RAM Random Access Memory
RSM Reynold Stress Model
RNG Renormalization Group theory
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
VG Vortex Generator
WHO World Health Organization
3D Three Dimensional
Symbol list
Symbol Explanation Unit
A Frontal Area [m2]
CD Drag Coe cient [−]
CL Lift Coe cient [−]
F Force [N]
g Gravitational Acceleration [kg=s·m2]
hts Test Section Height [m]
l Length Car [m]
p Pressure [Pa]
P Power [W]
q Dynamic Pressure [Pa]
Re Reynolds Number [−]
T Thompson's Tunnel Shape Factor [−]
U Free Stream Velocity [m=s]
viiAalborg University
Symbol Explanation Unit
v Velocity [m=s]
V Volume Car [m=s]
wts Test Section Width [m]
α Angle [◦]
β Angle [◦]
δ Angle [◦]
Turbulent Dissipation [m=s]
κ Turbulence Kinetic Energy [m2=s2]
µ Viscosity [Pa·s]
ν Kinematic Viscosity [m2/s]
ρ Density [kg=m3]
τ Shear Stress [Pa]
Commonly used subscripts
Symbol Explanation
c Corrected
D Drag
lam Laminar
L Lift
m Model
p Prototype
ts Test section
total Total
turb Turbulent
w Wall
viiiContents
1 Introduction and Motivation 1
1.1 Shell Eco Marathon . 3
2 Problem Statement 7
2.1 Problem Statement 7
2.2 Problem Approach 8
3 General Considerations on Vehicle Aerodynamics 11
3.1 Drag and Lift . 11
3.2 Types of Drag . 12
4 Numerical Investigation 17
4.1 CAD Modelling of the Car 17
4.2 Computational Domain . 19
4.3 Mesh Generation . 20
4.4 Set-Up of the Problem 21
4.5 Post-Processing of the Results 23
5 Experimental Investigation 25
5.1 General Set Up 25
5.2 Force Balance . 25
5.3 Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) 26
5.4 Smoke Visualization . 27
5.5 Pitot-Static Tube . 28
6 Analysis of the Current Car 29
6.1 Numerical Results 29
6.2 Experimental Results . 39
6.3 Validation of Numerical Simulations 45
7 Modi cations of the Current Car 49
7.1 Improvement 1: Wheel Skirt Add-On 50
7.2 Improvement 2: Extended Tail Add-On 51
7.3 Improvement 3: Rounding of the Side Edge 53
7.4 Improvement 4: Vortex Generator . 54
ixAalborg University Contents
7.5 Improvement 5: Combination of Fillet and Extended Tail 57
7.6 Comparison of the improvements 58
8 New Car 61
8.1 New Design 1 . 61
8.2 Study 1: Reducing frontal area . 67
8.3 Study 2: Cut-O Rear End . 69
8.4 New Design 2 based on previous Studies 71
9 Estimation of the Fuel E ciency 73
9.1 Estimation for Shell Eco Marathon 2016 74
9.2 Estimation for future Shell Eco Marathons . 75
10 Conclusion 77
11 Future Work 79
Bibliography 83
A Drag Reduction Methods
B Other Types of Drag
C Similarity and Model Testing
D Turbulent Flow Modelling
E Mesh Quality Measurement
F Mesh Type
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