rambomenaa كبير مهندسين
عدد المساهمات : 2041 التقييم : 3379 تاريخ التسجيل : 21/01/2012 العمر : 47 الدولة : مصر العمل : مدير الصيانة بشركة تصنيع ورق الجامعة : حلوان
| موضوع: كتاب Introduction to Control Engineering Modeling Analysis and Design الأربعاء 05 ديسمبر 2012, 10:45 pm | |
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Introduction to Control Engineering Modeling Analysis and Design
Contents Preface Introduction to Control Engineering The Concept of Feedback and Closed Loop Control Open-Loop Versus Closed-Loop Systems Feedforward Control Feedback Control in Nature A Glimpse of the Areas where Feedback Control Systems have been Employed by Man Classification of Systems Linear System Time-Invariant System Task of Control Engineers Alternative Ways to Accomplish a Control Task A Closer Look to the Control Task Mathematical Modeling Performance Objectives and Design Constraints Controller Design Performance Evaluation The Laplace Transform Complex Variables And Complex Functions Complex Function Laplace Transformation Laplace Transform and Its Existence Laplace Transform of Common Functions Laplace Table Properties of Laplace Transform Inverse Laplace Transformation Partial-Fraction Expansion Method Partial-Fraction Expansion when F(s) has only Distinct Poles Partial-Fraction Expansion of F(s) with Repeated Poles Concept of Transfer Function Block Diagrams Block Diagram Reduction Signal Flow Graph Representation Signal Flow Graphs Properties of Signal Flow Graphs Signal Flow Graph Algebra Representation of Linear Systems by Signal Flow Graph Mason’s Gain Formula Vectors and Matrices Minors, Cofactors and Adjoint of a Matrix Inversion of a Nonsingular Matrix Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors Similarity Transformation Diagonalization of Matrices Jordan Blocks Minimal Polynomial Function and Computation of Matrix Function Using Sylvester’s Interpolation MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Introduction System Representation in State-variable Form Concepts of Controllability and Observability Transfer Function from State-variable Representation Computation of Resolvent Matrix from Signal Flow Graph State Variable Representation from Transfer Function Solution of State Equation and State Transition Matrix Properties of the State Transition Matrix Review Exercise Problems Time-Domain Performance of Control Systems Typical Test Inputs The Step-Function Input The Ramp-Function Input The Impulse-Function Input The Parabolic-Function Input Transient State and Steady State Response of Analog Control System Performance Specification of Linear Systems in Time-Domain Transient Response Specifications Transient Response of a Prototype Second-order System Locus of Roots for the Second Order Prototype System Constant wn Locus Constant Damping Ratio Line Constant Settling Time Transient Response with Constant wn and Variable δ Step Input Response Impulse Response of a Transfer Function The Steady-State Error Steady-State Error Caused by Nonlinear Elements Steady-State Error of Linear Control Systems The Type of Control Systems Steady-State Error of a System with a Step-Function Input Steady-State Error of A System with Ramp-Function Input Steady-State Error of A System with Parabolic-Function Input Performance Indexes Integral of Squared Error (ISE) Integral of Time Multiplied Squared Error (ITSE) Criteria Integral of Absolute Error (IAE) Criteria Integral of Time Multiplied Absolute Error (ITAE) Quadratic Performance Index Frequency Domain Response Frequency Response of Closed-Loop Systems Frequency-Domain Specifications Frequency Domain Parameters of Prototype Second-Order System Peak Resonance and Resonant Frequency Bandwidth Bode Diagrams Bode Plot Principal Factors of Transfer Function Procedure for Manual Plotting of Bode Diagram Minimum Phase and Non-Minimum Phase Systems MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems The Concept of Stability The Routh-Hurwitz Stability Criterion Relative Stability Analysis Control System Analysis Using Routh’s Stability Criterion Stability by the Direct Method of Lyapunov Introduction to the Direct Method of Lyapunov System Representation Stability by the Direct Method of Lyapunov Definitions of Stability Lyapunov Stability Theorems Generation of Lyapunov Functions for Autonomous Systems Generation of Lyapunov Functions for Linear Systems Estimation of Settling Time Using Lyapunov Functions MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Introduction Poles and Zeros of Open Loop and Closed Loop Systems Mapping Contour and the Principle of the Argument The Nyquist Criterion The Nyquist Path The Nyquist Plot Using a Part of Nyquist Path Nyquist Plot of Transfer Function with Time Delay Relative Stability: Gain Margin and Phase Margin Analytical Expression for Phase Margin and Gain Margin of a Second Order Prototype Gain-Phase Plot Constant Amplitude (M) and Constant Phase (N) Circle Nichols Plot Linear System Response Using Graphical User Interface in MATLAB MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Correlation of System-Roots with Transient Response The Root Locus Diagram–A Time Domain Design Tool Root Locus Technique Properties of Root Loci Step by Step Procedure to Draw the Root Locus Diagram Root Locus Design Using Graphical Interface in MATLAB Root Locus Technique for Discrete Systems Sensitivity of the Root Locus MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Introduction Approaches to System Design Structure of the Compensated System Cascade Compensation Networks Design Concept for Lag or Lead Compensator in Frequency-Domain Design Steps for Lag Compensator Design Steps for Lead Compensator Design Examples Design of Compensator by Root Locus Technique Design of Phase-lead Compensator Using Root Locus Procedure Design of Phase-lag Compensator Using Root Locus Procedure PID Controller Ziegler-Nichols Rules for Tuning PID Controllers First Method Second Method Design of Compensators for Discrete Systems Design Steps for Lag Compensator Design Steps for Lead Compensator MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Pole Assignment Design and State Estimation Ackerman’s Formula Guidelines for Placement of Closed Loop System Poles Linear Quadratic Regulator Problem State Estimation Sources of Error in State Estimation Computation of the Observer Parameters Equivalent Frequency-Domain Compensator Combined Plant and Observer Dynamics of the Closed Loop System Incorporation of a Reference Input Reduced-Order Observer Some Guidelines for Selecting Closed Loop Poles in Pole Assignment Design MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Advantage of Digital Control Disadvantages Representation of Sampled Process The Z-Transform The Residue Method Some Useful Theorems Inverse Z-Transforms Partial Fraction Method Residue Method Block Diagram Algebra for Discrete Data System Limitations of the Z-Transformation Method Frequency Domain Analysis of Sampling Process Data Reconstruction Zero Order Hold First Order Hold Discrete State Equation State Equations of Systems with Digital Components The Solution of Discrete State Equations The Recursive Method Stability of Discrete Linear Systems Jury’s Stability Test Steady State Error for Discrete System State Feedback Design for Discrete Systems Predictor Estimator Current Estimator Reduced-order Estimator for Discrete Systems Provision for Reference Input MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems Introduction Optimal Control Problem Performance Index Calculus of Variations Functions and Functionals A Closeness of Functions B Increment of a Functional C The Variation of a Functional The Fundamental Theorem of the Calculus of Variations Extrema of Functionals of a Single Function Variational Problems and the Euler Equation Extrema of Functionals of n Functions Variable End Point Problems Optimal Control Problem Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle The LQ Problem The Hamilton-Jacobi Approach The Matrix Riccati Equation Finite Control Horizon Linear Regulator Design (Infinite-time Problem) Optimal Controller for Discrete System Linear Digital Regulator Design (Infinite-time Problem) MATLAB Scripts Review Exercise Problems The Concept of Fuzzy Logic and Relevance of Fuzzy Control Industrial and Commercial Use of Fuzzy Logic-based Systems Fuzzy Modeling and Control Advantages of Fuzzy Controller When to Use Fuzzy Control Potential Areas of Fuzzy Control Summary of Some Benefits of Fuzzy Logic and Fuzzy Logic Based Control System When Not to Use Fuzzy Logic Fuzzy Sets and Membership Introduction to Sets Classical Sets Fuzzy Sets Basic Definitions of Fuzzy Sets and a Few Terminologies Commonly Used Fuzzy Set Terminologies Set-Theoretic Operations Classical Operators on Fuzzy Sets Generalized Fuzzy Operators Fuzzy Complement Fuzzy Union and Intersection Fuzzy Intersection: The T-Norm Fuzzy Union: The T-Conorm (or S-Norm) MF Formulation and Parameterization MFs of One Dimension From Numerical Variables to Linguistic Variables Term Sets of Linguistic Variables Classical Relations and Fuzzy Relations Cartesian Product Crisp Relations Fuzzy Relations Operation on Fuzzy Relations Extension Principle Logical Arguments and Propositions Logical Arguments Modus Ponens Modus Tollens Hypothetical Syllogism Interpretations of Fuzzy If-then Rules Fuzzy Relation Equations Basic Principles of Approximate Reasoning Generalized Modus Ponens Generalized Modus Tollens Generalized Hypothetical Syllogism Representation of a Set of Rules Approximate Reasoning with Multiple Conditional Rules MATLAB Scripts Problems The Structure of Fuzzy Logic-based Controller Knowledge Base Rule Base Choice of Sate Variables and Controller Variables Contents of Antecedent and Consequent of Rules Derivation of Production Rules Membership Assignment Cardinality of a Term Set Completeness of Rules Consistency of Rules Inference Engine Special Cases of Fuzzy Singleton Reasoning Types Fuzzification Module Fuzzifier and Fuzzy Singleton Defuzzification Module Defuzzifier Center of Area (or Center of Gravity) Defuzzifier Center Average Defuzzifier (or Weighted Average Method) Design Consideration of Simple Fuzzy Controllers Design Parameters of General Fuzzy Controllers Examples of Fuzzy Control System Design: Inverted Pendulum Design of Fuzzy Logic Controller on Simulink and MATLAB Environment Iterative Design Procedure of a PID Controller in MATLAB Environment Simulation of System Dynamics in Simulink for PID Controller Design Simulation of System Dynamics in Simulink for Fuzzy Logic Controller Design Problems Introduction Some Phenomena Peculiar to Nonlinear Systems Approaches for Analysis of Nonlinear Systems: Linearization Describing Function Method Procedure for Computation of Describing Function Describing Function of Some Typical Nonlinear Devices Describing Function of an Amplifying Device with Dead Zone and Saturation Describing Function of a Device with Saturation but without any Dead Zone Describing Function of a Relay with Dead Zone Describing Function of a Relay with Dead Zone and Hysteresis Describing Function of a Relay with Pure Hysteresis Describing Function of Backlash Stability Analysis of an Autonomous Closed Loop System by Describing Function Graphical Analysis of Nonlinear Systems by Phase-Plane Methods Phase-Plane Construction by the Isocline Method Pell’s Method of Phase-Trajectory Construction The Delta Method of Phase-Trajectory Construction Construction of Phase Trajectories for System with Forcing Functions Singular Points The Aizerman and Kalman Conjectures Popov’s Stability Criterion The Generalized Circle Criteria Simplified Circle Criteria Finding Sectors for Typical Nonlinearities S-function SIMULINK Solution of Nonlinear Equations MATLAB Scripts Problems Series or Direct Form Direct Form (Canonical) Cascade Realization Parallel Realization Effects of Finite Bit Size on Digital Controller Implementation Sign Magnitude Number System (SMNS) Truncation Quantizer Round-off Quantizer Mean and Variance Dynamic Range of SMNS Overflow Two’s Complement Number System Truncation Operation Round-off Quantizer in Two’s CNS Mean and Variance Dynamic Range for Two’s CNS Overflow Propagation of Quantization Noise Through the Control System Very High Sampling Frequency Increases Noise Propagation of ADC Errors and Multiplication Errors through the Controller Propagated Multiplication Noise in Parallel Realization Propagated Multiplication Noise in Direct Form Realization Coefficient Errors and Their Influence on Controller Dynamics Sensitivity of Variation of Coefficients of a Second Order Controller Word Length in A/D Converters, Memory, Arithmetic Unit and D/A Converters Quantization gives Rise to Nonlinear Behavior in Controller Avoiding the Overflow Pole Zero Pairing Amplitude Scaling for Avoiding Overflow Design Guidelines MATLAB Scripts Problems Appendex A Appendex B Appendex C Notes on MATLAB Use Bibliography Index
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| موضوع: رد: كتاب Introduction to Control Engineering Modeling Analysis and Design الأربعاء 05 ديسمبر 2012, 10:59 pm | |
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| موضوع: رد: كتاب Introduction to Control Engineering Modeling Analysis and Design الخميس 06 ديسمبر 2012, 11:47 am | |
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| موضوع: رد: كتاب Introduction to Control Engineering Modeling Analysis and Design الخميس 06 ديسمبر 2012, 5:25 pm | |
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rambomenaa كبير مهندسين
عدد المساهمات : 2041 التقييم : 3379 تاريخ التسجيل : 21/01/2012 العمر : 47 الدولة : مصر العمل : مدير الصيانة بشركة تصنيع ورق الجامعة : حلوان
| موضوع: رد: كتاب Introduction to Control Engineering Modeling Analysis and Design الجمعة 07 ديسمبر 2012, 1:41 am | |
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